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Anticipating reward & threat: A test of biobehavioral processes in MDD vs anxiety

期待奖励

基本信息

批准号：
7803558
负责人：
Stewart Aaron Shankman
金额：
$ 18.68万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-04-13 至 2012-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Depressive and anxiety disorders are each associated with significant impairment and disability and when they co-occur (which happens at alarmingly high rates) are especially harmful and difficult to treat. In order to develop more targeted treatments, it is essential to understand the core disease processes that underlie these two conditions as these processes may be why they co-occur so often. This study seeks to evaluate two tendencies that have been proposed to underlie depression and anxiety, respectively - low sensitivity to appetitive stimuli and high sensitivity to aversive stimuli. Depression has been associated with a reduced tendency to approach or seek out rewards or other positive stimuli (i.e., low sensitivity to appetitive). Anxiety disorders have been associated with a hyper-sensitivity to threatening or aversive stimuli. An important question, though, is whether low approach motivation is specific to depression and/or whether hyper-sensitivity to threat/aversiveness is specific to anxiety. A related question is whether these emotional tendencies are shared by depression and anxiety and relate to the high co-occurrence rates between the two conditions. The current study seeks to examine these questions by looking at behavioral and biological measures of these processes in individuals with depression, anxiety, or co-occurring depression and anxiety. Four groups of 29 individuals will participate - those with depression and anxiety, those with depression only, those with anxiety only, and a non-depressed/non-anxious control group. Each participant will undergo an assessment consisting of a clinical interview and questionnaires assessing personality and emotional/motivational tendencies. Additionally, we will examine putative biological markers for low appetitive motivation (asymmetries in EEG activity) and high sensitivity to threat/aversiveness (abnormal startle eyeblink response). The project has five specific aims - 1) Test the hypothesized association between depression and low approach motivation by comparing the EEG asymmetries of controls and depressed individuals while they anticipate the possibility of receiving a reward (money); 2) Test the hypothesized association between anxiety and high aversiveness sensitivity by comparing the startle eyeblink responses of controls and anxious individuals while they anticipate the possibility of receiving an aversive/threatening stimulus (shock); 3) Test whether low approach motivation and high aversiveness sensitivity are independent; 4) Test whether low approach motivation and high aversiveness sensitivity are specific to depression and anxiety, respectively; and 5) Test whether the co-occurrence of depression and anxiety is due (or at least relates) to processes that are common to both conditions. In sum, the proposed study has the potential to provide important information regarding the emotional and biological mechanisms that underlie depression, anxiety and their co-occurrence. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Depressive and anxiety disorders are each associated with significant impairment and disability and when they co-occur (which happens at alarmingly high rates) are especially harmful and difficult to treat. In order to develop adequate treatments for these conditions, it is important to understand the processes that cause them and to examine potential abnormalities that may lead to their co-occurrence. This study will examine two emotional abnormalities/tendencies that have been related to depression and anxiety - a reduced sensitivity to pleasure and an over sensitivity to aversiveness or threat.

描述（由申请人提供）：抑郁症和焦虑症均与严重的损伤和残疾相关，当它们同时发生时（发生率惊人地高）尤其有害且难以治疗。为了开发更有针对性的治疗方法，必须了解这两种情况背后的核心疾病过程，因为这些过程可能是它们如此频繁同时发生的原因。这项研究旨在评估分别被认为是抑郁和焦虑背后的两种倾向——对食欲刺激的低敏感性和对厌恶刺激的高敏感性。抑郁症与接近或寻求奖励或其他积极刺激的倾向降低（即对食欲的敏感性较低）有关。焦虑症与对威胁性或厌恶性刺激的过度敏感有关。然而，一个重要的问题是，低接近动机是否是抑郁症特有的，和/或对威胁/厌恶的过度敏感是否是焦虑症特有的。一个相关的问题是，这些情绪倾向是否与抑郁和焦虑相同，并且与这两种情况之间的高共现率有关。目前的研究旨在通过观察患有抑郁症、焦虑症或同时发生抑郁症和焦虑症的个体对这些过程的行为和生物学测量来检验这些问题。参与者分为四组，每组 29 人：患有抑郁症和焦虑症的人、仅患有抑郁症的人、仅患有焦虑症的人以及非抑郁/非焦虑的对照组。每个参与者都将接受包括临床访谈和评估人格和情绪/动机倾向的问卷调查组成的评估。此外，我们将检查假定的生物标志物，以确定低食欲动机（脑电图活动不对称）和对威胁/厌恶的高敏感性（异常的惊恐眨眼反应）。该项目有五个具体目标 - 1）通过比较对照组和抑郁症个体在预期获得奖励（金钱）的可能性时的脑电图不对称性，测试抑郁症和低接近动机之间的假设关联； 2）通过比较对照组和焦虑个体在预期接受厌恶/威胁性刺激（电击）的可能性时的惊恐眨眼反应，测试焦虑与高厌恶敏感性之间假设的关联； 3）测试低接近动机和高厌恶敏感性是否是独立的； 4）测试低接近动机和高厌恶敏感性是否分别是抑郁和焦虑所特有的； 5) 测试抑郁和焦虑的同时发生是否是由于（或至少相关）这两种情况的共同过程所致。总之，拟议的研究有可能提供有关抑郁、焦虑及其同时发生的情绪和生物机制的重要信息。公共卫生相关性：抑郁症和焦虑症均与严重的损伤和残疾有关，当它们同时发生时（发生率惊人地高）尤其有害且难以治疗。为了针对这些情况制定适当的治疗方法，重要的是要了解导致这些情况的过程并检查可能导致它们同时发生的潜在异常。这项研究将检查与抑郁和焦虑相关的两种情绪异常/倾向——对快乐的敏感性降低以及对厌恶或威胁的过度敏感性。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（22）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Agreement Between Self- and Informant-Reported Ratings of Personality Traits: The Moderating Effects of Major Depressive and/or Panic Disorder.

自我报告和知情者报告的人格特征评级之间的一致性：重度抑郁症和/或恐慌症的调节作用。

DOI：
10.1097/nmd.0000000000000448
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
The Journal of nervous and mental disease
影响因子：
0
作者：
Lieberman,Lynne;Gorka,StephanieM;Huggins,AshleyA;Katz,AndreaC;Sarapas,Casey;Shankman,StewartA
通讯作者：
Shankman,StewartA

The mediating effect of prefrontal asymmetry on the relationship between the COMT Val(158)Met SNP and trait consummatory positive affect.