Family Study of Reward and Threat Sensitivity in Internalizing Psychopathology

内化精神病理学中奖励和威胁敏感性的家庭研究

• 批准号: 8545900
• 负责人: Stewart Aaron Shankman
• 金额: $ 65.57万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-14 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8545900
• 关键词: Accounting; Acute; Address; Affective; Age; Anxiety; Behavior; Behavioral; Cardiovascular system; Categories; Communities; DSM-IV; Deceleration; Diagnostic; Dimensions; Early Intervention; Educational workshop; Electroencephalography; Family; Family Study; Fright; Genes; Heart Rate; Heterogeneity; Interview; Joints; Laboratories; Learning; Measures; Mental Depression; Methods; Motivation; National Institute of Mental Health; Nature; Nomenclature; Panic; Paper; Patient Self-Report; Physiological; Play; Prevention; Psychopathology; Psychophysiology; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Research; Rewards; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Marker; Role; Siblings; Sinus Arrhythmia; Staging; Study models; Symptoms; Testing; Theoretical model; Uncertainty; Variant; cost; depressive symptoms; neural circuit; novel strategies; proband; public health relevance; respiratory; response; therapy development; transmission process; treatment response; vigilance

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this study is to examine whether two transdiagnostic dimensions - reduced reward anticipation (RRA) and heightened sensitivity to potential threat (SPT) - represent risk factors for internalizing (i.e., depression and anxiety) psychopathology. The proposed project is significant because internalizing psychopathologies are very heterogeneous, raising questions as to the validity of the categorical diagnostic nomenclature (e.g., DSM-IV). This study therefore takes the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) approach and seeks to identify underlying dimensional constructs that cut across traditional categories of psychopathology. However, the proposed project extends the aims of RDoC by examining whether the proposed dimensional constructs reflect 1) risk markers for psychopathology (defining risk via the classic family study method) and 2) separable constructs (i.e., the discriminant validity of RDoC constructs). Specifically, we hypothesize that RRA (but not SPT) will predict risk for depressive symptomatology and SPT (but not RRA) will predict risk for certain anxiety symptoms (e.g., panic). We will recruit 210 probands with a wide range of internalizing psychopathology from the community and assess RRA and SPT using multiple physiological, behavioral, and self-report measures. Our primary indicators of RRA and SPT will be EEG alpha asymmetry while anticipating reward and startle response while anticipating a potential threat, respectively. These psychophysiological variables have been used extensively as measures of RRA and SPT and both tap anticipatory affective states, thus sharpening our test of discriminant validity. In addition, the startle task assesses sensitivity to acute threat a well as potential threat and therefore allows a test of the discriminant validity of RRA and SPT from this third RDoC construct (acute threat). The study aims to examine: 1) whether RRA and SPT predict family history (assessed via direct interview of 1st degree relatives) of separable facets of internalizing psychopathology; 2) whether indicators of RRA and SPT are abnormal in 'healthy' (or low symptom) age-matched siblings of probands with high levels of internalizing symptoms; 3) the familial aggregation of RRA and SPT; and 4) the construct validity of our electrophysiological measures of RRA and SPT using cardiovascular, behavioral, and self- report indicators of these two constructs. The impact of the study would be in identifying important underlying mechanisms that play a role in the etiopathogeneses of internalizing psychopathology. In addition, if these indicators prove to be familial markers of risk for psychopathology, they would make excellent (and relatively inexpensive) laboratory targets for prevention/early intervention efforts as well as targets for treatment development studies.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的目的是检验两个跨诊断维度——奖励预期降低（RRA）和对潜在威胁敏感性提高（SPT）——是否代表内化（即抑郁和焦虑）精神病理学的危险因素。拟议的项目意义重大，因为内化精神病理学非常异质，引发了关于分类诊断命名法（例如 DSM-IV）有效性的问题。因此，本研究采用研究领域标准（RDoC）方法，并寻求识别跨越传统精神病理学类别的潜在维度构造。然而，拟议的项目通过检查所提出的维度结构是否反映 1）精神病理学风险标记（通过经典家庭研究方法定义风险）和 2）可分离结构（即 RDoC 结构的判别有效性）来扩展 RDoC 的目标。具体来说，我们假设 RRA（但不是 SPT）将预测抑郁症状的风险，而 SPT（但不是 RRA）将预测某些焦虑症状（例如恐慌）的风险。我们将从社区招募 210 名具有广泛内化精神病理学知识的先证者，并使用多种生理、行为和自我报告措施评估 RRA 和 SPT。我们的 RRA 和 SPT 的主要指标将分别是预期奖励时的脑电图 alpha 不对称性和预期潜在威胁时的惊吓反应。这些心理生理变量已被广泛用作 RRA 和 SPT 的衡量标准，并且两者都利用预期情感状态，从而提高了我们对判别有效性的测试。此外，令人震惊的任务评估对急性威胁和潜在威胁的敏感性，因此允许测试来自第三个 RDoC 构造（急性威胁）的 RRA 和 SPT 的区分有效性。 该研究旨在检验：1）RRA 和 SPT 是否可以预测内化精神病理学不同方面的家族史（通过直接访谈一级亲属进行评估）； 2）具有高水平内化症状的先证者的“健康”（或低症状）年龄匹配的兄弟姐妹中的RRA和SPT指标是否异常； 3）RRA和SPT的家族聚集性； 4）我们的 RRA 和 SPT 电生理测量的结构有效性，使用这两种结构的心血管、行为和自我报告指标。该研究的影响将在于确定在内化精神病理学的病因中发挥作用的重要潜在机制。此外，如果这些指标被证明是精神病理学风险的家族标志，它们将为预防/早期干预工作以及治疗开发研究提供极好的（且相对便宜的）实验室目标。