Longitudinal Measurements of Sleep EEG in Adolescence

描述（由申请人提供）：此修订响应no - od -09-058通知，竞争性修订申请的恢复法案资金的可用性。这项修订的家长资助纵向测量了儿童和青少年时期的睡眠和脑电图变化。家长项目的一个具体目标是建立成熟曲线，这将为未来研究患有精神疾病或发育障碍的儿童的睡眠脑电图成熟提供基线数据。我们正在进行的父母研究已经确定，11至16岁是睡眠脑电图快速成熟的时期。我们已经解释了这个年龄范围内δ (1- 4hz)脑电图功率密度下降66%，这是由突触修剪驱动的青少年大脑成熟的一个指标。核磁共振成像测量的皮质厚度也被认为与突触密度有关，研究发现，患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的受试者存在发育滞后。本修订应用程序的目的是检验睡眠脑电图成熟中存在类似滞后的假设。我们将通过研究两个年龄组（平均年龄10岁和平均年龄14岁）诊断为ADHD的受试者来检验这一假设。虽然父母资助是纵向测量青少年脑电图变化，但在横断面分析中也可以稳健地检测到慢波脑电图下降；因此，在我们的基线中，平均年龄为14岁的队列显示出显著低于10岁独立队列的δ和θ功率密度。如果患有ADHD的儿童存在发育滞后，我们假设这些年龄段的ADHD组之间脑电图功率密度的差异将显著较小。除了提供ADHD睡眠电生理发育滞后的初步测试外，我们将在本修订版中获得的数据应该为ADHD睡眠脑电图成熟的未来纵向研究提供指导。此外，它们将极大地扩展现有的计算机测量睡眠脑电图的数据库。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This revision responds to Notice NOT-OD-09-058, Availability of Recovery Act Funds for Competitive Revision Applications. The parent grant to this revision longitudinally measures sleep and EEG changes across childhood and adolescence. One specific aim of the parent project is to establish maturational curves that will provide the baseline data needed for future studies of sleep EEG maturation in children with mental illness or developmental disorders. Our ongoing parent study has identified ages 11 to 16 years as a period of rapid sleep EEG maturation. We have interpreted the 66% decline in delta (1- 4 Hz) EEG power density over this age range as an indicator of an adolescent brain maturation driven by synaptic pruning. Studies of MRI-measured cortical thickness, also thought to be related to synaptic density, have found a developmental lag in subjects with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The goal of this Revision application is to test the hypothesis that there is a similar lag in sleep EEG maturation. We will test this hypothesis by studying two age groups (mean age 10 years and mean age 14 years) of subjects diagnosed with ADHD. Although the parent grant measures the adolescent EEG changes longitudinally, the slow wave EEG decline can also be robustly detected in cross-sectional analysis; thus, cohorts in our baseline at mean age 14 years show significantly lower delta and theta power density than an independent 10 year old cohort. If children with ADHD have a developmental lag, we hypothesize that the difference in the EEG power density between ADHD groups over these ages will be significantly smaller. In addition to providing an initial test for a developmental lag in sleep electrophysiology in ADHD, the data we will obtain in this Revision should provide guidelines for future longitudinal investigations of sleep EEG maturation in ADHD. In addition, they will greatly expand the existing data base on computer-measured sleep EEG in this condition. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The human brain undergoes a major reorganization during adolescence. Mental illness may be associated with abnormalities in this reorganization. MRI studies show that children with ADHD have a developmental lag in cortical development. We will determine whether children with ADHD show a developmental lag in sleep EEG maturation. Either a positive or negative result will expand knowledge of the neurophysiology of this disorder. A positive result could be of diagnostic or prognostic value.