EFFECTS OF AGING ON HUMAN SLEEP HOMEOSTASIS AND DYNAMICS

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：增加白天小睡， 以及夜间睡眠碎片化的增加，会随着年龄的增长而发生。 然而 没有系统研究国家行动方案对后续行动的影响， 老年人夜间睡眠、睡眠满意度或情绪。 这限制了我们 为睡眠卫生制定合理处方的能力。 我们已经展示了在 年轻的成年人，午睡的时间差异影响建筑 午睡后的夜间睡眠：下午3点或更早的午睡会减少 计算机测量的delta只在第一个NREM时期，而后来的午睡 改变小睡的临床效果。 我们进一步证明， 在白天小睡时发生的变化是从午睡后的变化中“减去”的 晚上睡觉。 目前的模型认为，NREM三角洲是“恢复” 睡眠稳态的组成部分。 这项研究可能会导致 最简单、最不费力和最便宜的Delta临床试验 骨稳态 拟议中的研究还将确定 随着清醒程度的增加，δ累积的变化遵循指数或 Logistic（增长）模型 这种区别可以指导关于 δ稳态的生物学，也允许更精确的定量 睡眠-清醒关系的模型。 这些研究的科学成果 将通过：应用频谱（FFT）和 对数字化数据进行周期振幅分析， 青年人和老年人的性别效应; 老年人中的三角洲-β振荡关系; 快速眼动潜伏期是睡眠中研究最多的部分， 在精神病患者中，基本上由Δ压力决定。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): Increased daytime naps, and increased fragmentation of nocturnal sleep, occur with aging. Yet there have been no systematic studies of the effects of naps on subsequent nocturnal sleep, sleep satisfaction or mood in the elderly. This limits our ability to make rational prescriptions for sleep hygiene. We have shown in young adults that the timing of naps differentially affects the architecture of post-nap night sleep: naps taken at 3 PM or earlier reduce computer-measured delta only in the first NREM period whereas later naps alter the clinical effects of naps. We have shown further that delta occurring in daytime naps is homeostatically "subtracted" from post-nap night sleep. Current models hold that NREM delta is the "recuperative" component of sleep homeostasis. The research proposed could lead to the simplest, least arduous and least expensive clinical test of delta homesostatasis. The proposed studies will also determine whether the rate of delta accumulation with increasing waking follows an exponential or logistic (growth) model. This distinction can guide hypotheses regarding the biology of delta homeostasis and also permit more precise quantitative models of sleep-waking relations. The scientific yield of these studies will be enhanced by: application of both spectral (FFT) and period-amplitude analysis to the digitized data, precise measurement of gender effects in young adults and elderly; measurement of delta-sigma and delta-beta oscillatory relations in the elderly; and an experimental test of the hypothesis that REM latency, the most heavily studied component of sleep in psychiatric patients, is substantially determined by delta pressure.