Meal Frequency/Composition Effects on Insulin Resistence in Obese Individuals

膳食频率/成分对肥胖个体胰岛素抵抗的影响

• 批准号: 7935198
• 负责人: JILL A KANALEY
• 金额: $ 20.07万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-21 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7935198
• 关键词: Adult; Aerobic Exercise; Affect; Attenuated; Clinical; Conflict (Psychology); Consensus; Consumption; Data; Desire for food; Developed Countries; Development; Diet; Diet Habits; Dietary Practices; Eating; Exercise; Fibrinogen; Frequencies; Future; Glucose; Health Professional; Hormonal; Hormones; Individual; Ingestion; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Lead; Leptin; Macronutrients Nutrition; Maintenance; Mediating; Metabolic syndrome; Muscle; Neurons; Non obese; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Nutrient; Obesity; Outcome Study; Pancreas; Patients; Pattern; Prevention; Proteins; Protocols documentation; Regimen; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Testing; Training; Training Programs; abstracting; blood glucose regulation; falls; fasting glucose; feeding; ghrelin; glucagon-like peptide 1; glucose tolerance; insulin sensitivity; prevent; response

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Maintenance of glucose levels is accomplished by finely tuned oscillations of insulin release throughout the day. Individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) lose this oscillating pattern of response, and identifying factors that can alter insulin release is important in the prevention of T2D. Changing meal frequency and composition are 2 factors that have been shown to alter the insulin and incretin response. Our preliminary data in healthy individuals demonstrates eating 6-meals in 12-h increases the insulin response throughout the day, while glucose levels remain constant, compared to a 3 meal/day pattern. We observed a similar pattern of response but slightly lower insulin levels with a high-protein meal (6-meals in 12 h). This data suggests meal frequency/composition may alter the insulin pattern of response, which may predispose individuals to T2D. The study proposed herein will elucidate the differences in the glucose, insulin, GLP-1 and ghrelin responses to frequent meals of different dietary composition in obese individuals with metabolic syndrome, and establish if exercise training can attenuate any inappropriate glucose/insulin responses to these feedings. Twelve obese adults with metabolic syndrome will be studied under 3-meal conditions (mixed-meal - 3 feedings, mixed-meal - 6 feedings, high-protein- 6 feedings). Since exercise is known to impact insulin sensitivity, subjects will exercise train for 15 days, and have hormonal responses to the mixed meal- 6 feedings retested. We hypothesize that frequent feeding will result in increasing insulin and GLP-1 and reduced suppression of ghrelin responses in order to maintain glucose levels, regardless of meal composition; and slightly lower responses will be seen with the high protein meal. Further, we hypothesize that exercise training will minimize any increases in insulin that occurs with the frequent meals. This pilot data may offer a potential mechanism for the development of T2D, which will be pursued in future studies by examining potential changes at the muscle level. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Identifying the factors that lead to insulin resistance is critical. Our preliminary data has indicated that eating frequent meals results in higher insulin levels at the end of the day and this may be one factor that leads to insulin resistance. This project will investigate if this same phenomenon occurs in obese subjects with metabolic syndrome. Further this project will determine whether exercise training will minimize any increases in insulin that occurs with the frequent meals.

描述（由申请人提供）：血糖水平的维持是通过全天胰岛素释放的微调振荡来实现的。2型糖尿病（T2 D）患者失去了这种振荡的反应模式，识别可以改变胰岛素释放的因素对预防T2 D非常重要。改变进餐频率和组成是已被证明可改变胰岛素和肠促胰岛素反应的2个因素。我们在健康个体中的初步数据表明，与每天3餐的模式相比，在12小时内吃6餐增加了全天的胰岛素反应，而葡萄糖水平保持不变。我们观察到了类似的反应模式，但高蛋白膳食（12小时内6餐）的胰岛素水平略低。该数据表明，进餐频率/组成可能会改变胰岛素反应模式，这可能使个体易患T2 D。本文提出的研究将阐明在葡萄糖，胰岛素，GLP-1和ghrelin反应的差异，以频繁的膳食不同的饮食组成的肥胖代谢综合征的个人，并建立如果运动训练可以减弱任何不适当的葡萄糖/胰岛素反应，这些喂养。12名患有代谢综合征的肥胖成年人将在3餐条件下（混合餐-3喂养，混合餐-6喂养，高蛋白-6喂养）进行研究。由于已知运动会影响胰岛素敏感性，因此受试者将进行15天的运动训练，并对混合餐- 6次喂养重新进行激素反应测试。我们假设，频繁进食将导致胰岛素和GLP-1增加，并减少对生长激素释放肽反应的抑制，以维持葡萄糖水平，无论膳食组成如何;高蛋白膳食的反应略低。此外，我们假设，运动训练将最大限度地减少胰岛素的增加，发生频繁的膳食。这些初步数据可能为T2 D的发展提供了一种潜在的机制，这将在未来的研究中通过检查肌肉水平的潜在变化来实现。公共卫生相关性：确定导致胰岛素抵抗的因素至关重要。我们的初步数据表明，频繁进食会导致一天结束时胰岛素水平较高，这可能是导致胰岛素抵抗的一个因素。本项目将调查是否同样的现象发生在肥胖的代谢综合征患者。此外，该项目将确定运动训练是否会最大限度地减少频繁进餐引起的胰岛素增加。

项目成果

Multiple short bouts of exercise over 12-h period reduce glucose excursions more than an energy-matched single bout of exercise.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2013.12.006
• 发表时间: 2014-04
• 期刊: METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
• 影响因子: 9.8
• 作者: Holmstrup, Michael;Fairchild, Timothy;Keslacy, Stefan;Weinstock, Ruth;Kanaley, Jill
• 通讯作者: Kanaley, Jill

Meal frequency differentially alters postprandial triacylglycerol and insulin concentrations in obese women.

• DOI: 10.1002/oby.20247
• 发表时间: 2013-01
• 期刊: OBESITY
• 影响因子: 6.9
• 作者: Heden, Timothy D.;Liu, Ying;Sims, Lauren J.;Whaley-Connell, Adam T.;Chockalingam, Anand;Dellsperger, Kevin C.;Kanaley, Jill A.
• 通讯作者: Kanaley, Jill A.

Short-term aerobic exercise training increases postprandial pancreatic polypeptide but not peptide YY concentrations in obese individuals.

• DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2013.84
• 发表时间: 2014-02
• 期刊: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Kanaley, J. A.;Heden, T. D.;Liu, Y.;Whaley-Connell, A. T.;Chockalingam, A.;Dellsperger, K. C.;Fairchild, T. J.
• 通讯作者: Fairchild, T. J.

Prior exercise does not alter the incretin response to a subsequent meal in obese women.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.07.004
• 发表时间: 2015-09
• 期刊: Peptides
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Nyhoff LM;Heden TD;Leidy HJ;Winn NC;Park YM;Thyfault JP;Kanaley JA
• 通讯作者: Kanaley JA

Liquid meal composition, postprandial satiety hormones, and perceived appetite and satiety in obese women during acute caloric restriction.

• DOI: 10.1530/eje-12-0884
• 发表时间: 2013-04
• 期刊: European journal of endocrinology
• 影响因子: 5.8