Air Pollution, Systemic Inflammation, and Sub-Clinical Atherosclerosis in High-Al

高铝环境中的空气污染、全身炎症和亚临床动脉粥样硬化

• 批准号: 7935315
• 负责人: Rodrigo Xavier Armijos
• 金额: $ 17.1万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS EL PASO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-19 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7935315
• 关键词: Abdomen; Address; Adult; Adverse effects; Age; Air; Air Pollution; Altitude; Anthropometry; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-inflammatory; Atherosclerosis; Autopsy; Biochemical; Biological Assay; Biological Markers; Blood; Breathing; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular system; Cations; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Chronic; Cities; Clinical; Computer software; Data; Data Collection; Deposition; Detection; Developing Countries; Development; Diet; Dietary Questionnaires; Dietary intake; Disease; E-Selectin; Elements; Environmental Health; Environmental Wind; Epidemiology; Exposure to; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Frequencies; Future; Gases; Geology; Health Policy; Home environment; Hour; Human; Hydrocarbons; Hyperlipidemia; Hypertension; Immunology; Individual; Industrialization; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Interleukin-6; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Lead; Life; Life Style; Light; Location; Lung; Measurement; Measures; Medical; Medical History; Metabolic syndrome; Modeling; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Myocardial Infarction; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Neighborhoods; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Nutritional Study; Obesity; Oxidative Stress; Particulate Matter; Performance; Persons; Physical activity; Play; Pollution; Population; Populations at Risk; Precipitation; Prevalence; Primary Schools; Proxy; Public Health; Questionnaires; Quinine; Recommendation; Records; Recruitment Activity; Research Personnel; Research Proposals; Resolution; Respiration; Role; Rural; Sampling; Scheme; School-Age Population; Schools; Sea; Site; Smoke; Smoking; Source; Speed; Statistical Models; Stroke; Surface; Temperature; Thick; Time; Toxicology; Transition Elements; Ultrasonography; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; Vascular remodeling; Vehicle Emissions; Visit; Weather; aged; air monitoring; atherogenesis; base; blood lipid; density; early onset; exhaust; fruits and vegetables; instrument; intercellular cell adhesion molecule; intima media; mature animal; metropolitan; migration; mortality; novel; obesity in children; pollutant; programs; public health relevance; residence; respiratory; sex; trafficking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application is a revised new investigator (NIEHS PA-06-181) initiated developmental/exploratory research proposal (R21) that addresses the need for understanding the impact of transient and long-term particulate matter exposure on systemic inflammation, oxidative stress and atherogenesis in children. Autopsy and ultrasound studies have shown that atherogenesis begins early in life. Emerging evidence suggests that exposure to PM2.5, PM10 or vehicle exhaust promotes systemic inflammation and vascular remodeling in susceptible animals and adults. However, prior studies have not investigated the potential effects of PM exposure on systemic inflammation and atherogenesis in children. This is an important line of inquiry since chronic inflammation and even small but progressive increases in fatty streak deposition and arterial thickening over time can lead to an earlier onset of clinical disease. The present study will investigate the hypothesis that transient exposure to high ambient PM10 and PM2.5 levels promotes systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and vascular remodeling in children. It also will investigate PM sources and elemental composition in order to better understand their inflammatory potential. The study will be conducted in 300 children (age 7-12 yrs) residing in the Quito Metropolitan District (QMD), a heavily polluted, high altitude city that has distinct PM gradients among neighborhoods. The reduced O2 content of ambient air at high altitude causes also increases exposure to PM resulting from increased respiratory frequency. A short- term (12 mo) two-wave panel study will be carried out in three (high, medium and low PM) neighborhoods to investigate the association of transient PM2.5 and PM10 exposure with inflammation as measured by hpCRP, IL-6, ICAM, VCAM, and E-selectin cell adhesion molecule. Before each of the two inflammatory biomarker blood draws in the panel study, five cumulative exposure measurements will be constructed for each prior 60-day period (prior day, 2-days, week, month, and 2-month average). During the first wave, subjects also will undergo ultrasound studies to examine the relationship of long-term PM2.5 and PM10 exposure with arterial thickening as measured by abdominal (aIMT) and carotid (cIMT) intima- media thickness. A spatio-temporal approach also will be used to model cumulative long-term (5 yr) PM2.5 and PM10 exposures. The 5-year lag will be used to construct five different exposure measures: average of prior 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months. The PM exposure models for both the panel and long-term PM studies will be constructed from data collected from central air quality monitors located in the three target neighborhoods. Portable PM monitors placed outside schools and in strategic neighborhood locations will be used to identify PM sources and elemental composition. Other portable monitors will be used to collect indoor and personal PM exposure data from inside the three schools and from a random subsample of subject homes and subjects. These data will be used to adjust for measurement error in the PM exposure models. The multivariate statistical models will also consider the contributions of pollutant gases, weather conditions, altitude, and other potential covariates. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The exploratory/developmental R21 study will investigate the hypothesis that children (7-12 years) living at high altitude who are exposed long-term to particulate matter (PM) in ambient air pollution develop systemic inflammation and oxidative stress leading to arterial wall thickening that can be measured with m-mode ultrasound. The study also will examine the elements found in PM that may cause inflammation. The findings will be used to inform more comprehensive future studies needed for the development of effective public health programs for at-risk populations.

描述（由申请方提供）：本申请是一项修订后的新研究者（NIEHS PA-06-181）发起的开发/探索性研究提案（R21），旨在解决了解短暂和长期颗粒物暴露对儿童全身炎症、氧化应激和动脉粥样硬化形成的影响的需求。尸检和超声波研究表明，动脉粥样硬化在生命早期就开始了。新出现的证据表明，暴露于PM2.5，PM10或汽车尾气会促进易感动物和成人的全身炎症和血管重塑。然而，以前的研究没有调查PM暴露对儿童全身炎症和动脉粥样硬化形成的潜在影响。这是一个重要的调查路线，因为慢性炎症，甚至是脂肪条纹沉积和动脉增厚随时间推移的小但进行性增加，都可能导致临床疾病的早期发作。本研究将调查的假设，短暂暴露于高环境PM10和PM2.5水平促进全身炎症，氧化应激和血管重塑的儿童。它还将调查PM来源和元素组成，以更好地了解其炎症潜力。该研究将在基多大都会区（QMD）居住的300名儿童（7-12岁）中进行，基多大都会区是一个污染严重的高海拔城市，在社区之间具有明显的PM梯度。高海拔地区环境空气中氧气含量的减少也会导致呼吸频率增加，从而增加对PM的暴露。将在三个（高、中和低PM）社区进行短期（12个月）双波面板研究，以研究瞬时PM2.5和PM10暴露与炎症的相关性，如通过hpCRP、IL-6、ICAM、VCAM和E-选择素细胞粘附分子测量的。在小组研究中的两种炎症生物标志物采血之前，将为每个先前60天周期（前一天、2天、周、月和2个月平均值）构建5个累积暴露测量值。在第一波期间，受试者还将接受超声研究，以检查长期PM2.5和PM10暴露与动脉增厚的关系，如通过腹部（aIMT）和颈动脉（cIMT）内膜-中层厚度测量的。一个时空的方法也将被用来模拟累积的长期（5年）PM2.5和PM10暴露。5年滞后将用于构建5种不同的暴露测量：之前12、24、36、48和60个月的平均值。面板和长期PM研究的PM暴露模型将根据从位于三个目标社区的中央空气质量监测器收集的数据构建。便携式PM监测器放置在学校外面和战略附近的位置将用于确定PM来源和元素组成。其他便携式监测器将用于从三所学校内部以及从受试者家庭和受试者的随机子样本中收集室内和个人PM暴露数据。这些数据将用于调整PM暴露模型中的测量误差。多元统计模型还将考虑污染气体、天气条件、海拔和其他潜在协变量的贡献。 公共卫生关系：探索性/发育性R21研究将调查以下假设：生活在高海拔地区的儿童（7-12岁）长期暴露于环境空气污染中的颗粒物（PM），会发生全身性炎症和氧化应激，导致动脉壁增厚，可以用m型超声测量。该研究还将检查PM中可能导致炎症的元素。这些发现将用于为未来为高危人群制定有效的公共卫生计划所需的更全面的研究提供信息。

项目成果

Assessment of indoor and outdoor PM species at schools and residences in a high-altitude Ecuadorian urban center.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.04.085
• 发表时间: 2016-07
• 期刊: Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
• 作者: Raysoni AU;Armijos RX;Weigel MM;Montoya T;Eschanique P;Racines M;Li WW
• 通讯作者: Li WW

Residential exposure to urban traffic is associated with increased carotid intima-media thickness in children.

• DOI: 10.1155/2015/713540
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Journal of environmental and public health
• 作者: Armijos RX;Weigel MM;Myers OB;Li WW;Racines M;Berwick M
• 通讯作者: Berwick M

Elevated blood lead and metal/metalloid levels and environmental exposure sources in urban Ecuadorian school-age children and mothers.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113770
• 发表时间: 2021-06
• 期刊: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
• 影响因子: 6
• 作者: Armijos, Rodrigo X.;Weigel, M. Margaret;Obeng-Gyasi, Emmanuel;Racines-Orbe, Marcia
• 通讯作者: Racines-Orbe, Marcia