How Can Parents Get Their Kids to Eat More Fruits and Vegetables?

描述(由调查人员提供)：在美国，儿童肥胖症正处于流行状态，而且还在继续增加。超重的儿童成为超重成年人的风险更高。超重的儿童和成年人都有发展成严重健康问题的风险。由于肥胖治疗项目只取得了有限的成功，教导儿童健康饮食习惯的肥胖预防项目似乎为他们提供了一种增长到体重或不再增加体重的方法。大多数现有的儿童肥胖预防计划都是以学校为基础的，通常不起作用或效果很小。预防肥胖的活动应该在生命早期进行，此时行为仍然具有可塑性，并且在成为肥胖成年人的风险大幅增加之前。食用水果和蔬菜(FAV)与低卡路里摄入量、低脂肪摄入量和低BMI有关。事实证明，养育食物的做法会影响儿童的最爱摄入量。权威的育儿实践尤其被证明可以增加儿童的FAV摄入量，减少肥胖。加强权威性FAV养育实践的干预措施应该增加儿童FAV的摄入量，降低体重增加。电子游戏是一种非常受欢迎和引人入胜的媒介。我们最近的回顾显示，在27项评估中，有26项与健康相关的影响是积极的。使用模拟现实世界体验的视频游戏已经足够复杂，可以训练成年人，例如学习驾驶飞机。通过模拟父母在亲子喂养互动中的体验，视频游戏可以提供一种干预方式，培训父母接受权威的Fave育儿。需要一个影响父母决定实施权威的最好的育儿做法的因素模型，以指导这种视频游戏的开发并对其进行评估。目标导向行为模型为理解父母教养方式提供了一个高度预测性的模型。因此，我们建议开发和测试针对来自休斯敦主要族群的3-5岁儿童的父母的目标导向的权威性最好的育儿实践模式的措施；并利用它来开发和试验最受欢迎的育儿视频游戏的测试课程。更好的食物养育实践应该会导致更高的儿童FAV摄入量，从而降低肥胖和肥胖风险。公共卫生相关性：儿童肥胖是一个日益严重的全国性问题，而肥胖预防计划通常效果不大。由于父母控制着幼儿家中的食物环境，而食物养育做法与儿童的饮食摄入量和肥胖有关，因此，增加父母使用更有效的食物养育技术的干预措施应该会改变儿童的饮食摄入量，降低他们的肥胖风险。我们建议开发一个影响食品养育实践的模型，以帮助指导干预措施的设计，并开发一种创新的形式，即休闲视频游戏，以促进变化。更好的食物养育实践应该会导致更高的儿童FAV摄入量，从而降低肥胖和肥胖风险。

DESCRIPTION (provided by investigator): Childhood obesity is at epidemic proportions and continuing to increase in the US. Overweight children are at higher risk of becoming overweight adults. Both overweight children and adults are at risk of developing serious health problems. Since obesity treatment programs have had only limited success, obesity prevention programs that teach children healthy eating habits appear to offer a way for them to grow into their weight or not gain further weight. Most of the existing obesity prevention programs for children have been school based, and generally not worked or had minimal effects. Obesity prevention activities should occur early in life while the behaviors are still malleable and before the major increases in risk to become an obese adult. Fruit and vegetable (FaV) consumption has been associated with lower caloric intake, lower fat intake and lower BMI. Food parenting practices have been demonstrated to influence children's FaV intake. Authoritative parenting practices in particular have been demonstrated to increase children's FaV intake and decrease obesity. Interventions to enhance Authoritative FaV parenting practices should increase children's FaV intake and lower weight gain. Videogames are a very popular and engaging medium. Our recent review showed positive health related effects in 26 out of 27 evaluations. Videogames using simulated real world experiences have been sophisticated enough to train adults, e.g. in learning to fly airplanes. By simulating the parent's experience in parent-child feeding interactions, videogames can provide an intervention modality to train parents in authoritative FaV parenting. A model of factors influencing a parent's decision to implement authoritative FaV parenting practices is needed to guide the development of such a videogame and to evaluate it. The Model of Goal Directed Behavior offers a highly predictive model for understanding FaV parenting. As a result we propose to develop and test measures for a Model of Goal Directed Authoritative FaV Parenting Practices with parents of 3-5 year olds from the dominant ethnic groups in Houston; and to use it to develop and pilot test sessions of a FaV Parenting videogame. Better food parenting practices should lead to higher children's FaV consumption, and thereby lower adiposity and lower risk of obesity. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Childhood obesity is a growing national problem, while obesity prevention programs have generally not had much effect. Since parents control the food environment at home for young children, and food parenting practices have been related to child dietary intake and obesity, an intervention increasing parents use of more effective food parenting techniques should change children's dietary intake and lower their obesity risk. We propose to develop a model of influences on food parenting practices to help guide the design of an intervention, and to develop an innovative format, a casual videogame, to promoting change. Better food parenting practices should lead to higher children's FaV consumption, and thereby lower adiposity and lower risk of obesity.