Sequencing and Initiation in Speech Production

语音生成中的排序和启动

• 批准号: 7901245
• 负责人: FRANK H GUENTHER
• 金额: $ 14.29万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-14 至 2012-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7901245
• 关键词: Accounting; Acoustics; Affect; Area; Articulators; Basal Ganglia; Behavioral; Brain; Brain imaging; Brain region; Cerebellum; Communication impairment; Computer Simulation; Computer software; Data; Disease; Equation; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Generations; Goals; Individual; Investigation; Lateral; Learning; Literature; Modeling; Motor; Movement; Neurons; Output; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Production; Running; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Simulate; Speech; Speech Sound; Structure; Stuttering; Synapses; Testing; Thalamic structure; Time; Work; design; improved; inferior frontal sulcus; kinematics; model development; models and simulation; motor learning; neural circuit; neural model; neuroimaging; novel; relating to nervous system; research study; sequence learning; simulation; sound

The overall goal of this project is to develop and experimentally test a neural model of the brain interactions underlying the production of speech sound sequences. In particular, we will focus on several brain regions thought to be involved in motor sequence production, including the lateral prefrontal cortex, ventralpremotor cortex, supplementary motor area (SMA), pre-SMA, basal ganglia, cerebellum, and thalamus. Each of these brain regions will be mathematically modeled with equations governing neuron activities, and the interactions between the regions will be modeled with equations governing synaptic strengths. The resulting model will be implemented in computer software and combined with an existing neural model of speech sound production to allow generation of simulated articulator movements for producing speech sound sequences. The results of these computer simulations will be compared to existing kinematic and functional neuroimaging data. We also propose four functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments and two associated behavioral experiments specifically designed to test key hypotheses of the model, to test between the model and competing hypotheses, and to fill in gaps in the existing neuroimaging literature. The project involves two highly integrated subprojects. (1) Creating and testing a neural model of speech sequence production. The primary aim of this subproject is to develop a model of the neural circuits involved in the properly ordered and properly timed production of speech sound sequences, such as a sequenceof syllables making up a sentence. The model incorporates a wide range of experimental data into a unified account of the interactions between SMA, pre-SMA, ventral premotor cortex, lateral prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia, and thalamus in sound sequence generation. Hypotheses concerning the generation of syllable "frames" and the storage of sound sequences in working memory are tested in two fMRI experimentsthat will be used to guide model development. (2) Investigating the learning of new speech sequences. The primary aim of this subproject is to further develop the model created in Subproject 1 to incorporate the effects of practice on the neural circuits underlying speech sound sequence generation. This investigation focuses on the contribution of cerebellar and basal ganglia circuits to the learning of novel syllables and sequences of syllables, and associated behavioral and fMRI experiments test key hypotheses concerning the changes in neural processing underlying sound sequence learning. We believe this integrated approach of computational neural modeling and functional brain imaging will provide a much clearer mechanistic account of the neural processes underyling speech production in normal speakers and individuals with communication disorders that involve problems in the initiation and/or sequencing of speech, such as apraxia of speech and stuttering.

该项目的总体目标是开发和实验测试大脑相互作用的神经模型 是语音序列产生的基础。我们将特别关注几个大脑区域 被认为与运动序列的产生有关，包括外侧前额叶皮层、腹侧前运动区 皮质、辅助运动区（SMA）、SMA前区、基底神经节、小脑和丘脑。这一切成功都 大脑区域将用控制神经元活动的方程进行数学建模， 将用控制突触强度的方程来建模。由此产生的模型将 并与现有的语音神经模型相结合 产生，以允许产生用于产生语音声音序列的模拟咬合架运动。 这些计算机模拟的结果将与现有的运动学和功能进行比较。 神经成像数据。我们还提出了四个功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）实验， 两个相关的行为实验，专门设计来测试模型的关键假设，以测试 模型和竞争的假设之间，并填补现有的神经影像学文献的空白。 该项目包括两个高度综合的分项目。(1)创建和测试语音的神经模型 序列生产这个子项目的主要目的是建立一个神经回路的模型 在语音声音序列的适当顺序和适当定时的产生中，例如 组成句子的音节。该模型将广泛的实验数据纳入统一的 解释SMA、前SMA、腹侧运动前区皮质、外侧前额叶皮质、基底皮质和基底皮质之间的相互作用。 神经节和丘脑在声音序列产生中的作用。关于音节生成的假设 “框架”和声音序列在工作记忆中的存储在两个fMRI实验中进行了测试， 将用于指导模型开发。(2)研究新语音序列的学习。的 该子项目的主要目的是进一步发展子项目1中创建的模型， 练习对语音序列产生的神经回路的影响。这次调查 专注于小脑和基底神经节回路对新音节学习的贡献， 音节序列，以及相关的行为和功能磁共振成像实验测试的关键假设， 声音序列学习背后的神经处理变化。 我们相信这种计算神经建模和功能性脑成像的综合方法将 提供了一个更清晰的机制帐户的神经过程下的语音生产正常 发言者和个人与沟通障碍，涉及问题的启动和/或 言语的顺序，如言语失用症和口吃。