Neural Modeling and Imaging of Speech

语音的神经建模和成像

• 批准号: 7901247
• 负责人: FRANK H GUENTHER
• 金额: $ 18.25万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-14 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7901247
• 关键词: Accounting; Acoustics; Address; Area; Auditory; Back; Brain; Brain region; Budgets; Communication; Communication impairment; Computer Simulation; Cues; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disease; Dysarthria; Feedback; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Image; Lead; Maps; Modeling; Modification; Movement; Neural Network Simulation; Phonetics; Process; Production; Psychophysics; Psychophysiology; Reliance; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Running; Signal Transduction; Speech; Speech Disorders; Speech Sound; Stress; Stuttering; Testing; Time; Work; auditory feedback; base; design; feeding; improved; kinematics; models and simulation; neural circuit; neural model; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; phrases; relating to nervous system; research study; somatosensory; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primary goal of this research project is the continued development, testing, and refinement of a computational neural model describing the neural processes underlying speech. In the new budget period, we propose to address several important issues regarding auditory feedback control in speech production, both at the prosodic and segmental levels, utilizing tightly integrated combination of neural network modeling, neuroimaging, and psychophysics. The proposed research is organized into three inter-related thrusts. (1) Control of prosodic aspects of speech. This thrust combines neural modeling with psychophysical and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments involving real-time auditory perturbation of prosodic cues during speech to investigate the neural mechanisms responsible for the control of word- and phrase-level prosody. (2) Representation of speech sounds in auditory cortical areas. In this thrust, we propose fMRI experiments and modeling work designed to further our understanding of the representation of speech sounds in the auditory cortical areas. This issue is central to our speech production model, which utilizes an auditory reference frame to store speech sound targets for production. In particular, we will investigate auditory vs. phonetic representations and talker-specific vs. talker-independent representations in the auditory cortical areas. (3) Integration of feedforward and feedback commands in different speaking conditions. This thrust involves an fMRI experiment and modeling project to investigate hypotheses concerning the integration of feedforward and feedback control mechanisms in different speaking conditions (i.e., fast, normal, clear, and stressed speech). In each thrust, computer simulations of the model will be compared to the psychophysical and fMRI experimental results to test the model's account of the neural mechanisms underlying speech production. Relevance. We believe these studies will provide significant advances in our understanding of the neural bases of speech, including a detailed functional description of each of the brain regions involved in speech production. This in turn will allow the more complete characterization of communication disorders that involve the model's circuitry, such as apraxia of speech, stuttering, and ataxic dysarthria. In the long run, we believe this improved understanding will lead to better diagnosis and treatment of these disorders.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究项目的主要目标是继续开发，测试和改进描述语音基础神经过程的计算神经模型。在新的预算期内，我们建议解决几个重要的问题，听觉反馈控制在语音生产，无论是在韵律和分段水平，利用神经网络建模，神经成像和心理物理学的紧密结合。拟议的研究分为三个相互关联的推力。(1)控制言语的韵律方面。这一推力结合神经建模与心理物理和功能磁共振成像（fMRI）实验，涉及实时听觉扰动的韵律线索在讲话中调查的神经机制负责控制的单词和短语级韵律。(2)语音在听觉皮质区的表征。在这方面，我们提出了功能磁共振成像实验和建模工作，旨在进一步了解语音的听觉皮层区域的代表性。这个问题是我们的语音生产模型，它利用听觉参考系来存储语音的声音目标生产的核心。特别是，我们将研究听觉与语音表征和说话者特定与说话者独立的表征在听觉皮层区域。(3)不同说话条件下前馈和反馈命令的整合。这一推力涉及到一个功能磁共振成像实验和建模项目，以研究关于前馈和反馈控制机制在不同说话条件下的整合的假设（即，快速、正常、清晰和强调的讲话）。在每一个推力，计算机模拟的模型将比较心理物理和功能磁共振成像的实验结果，以测试模型的帐户的神经机制的语音生产。本案无关我们相信这些研究将为我们理解语音的神经基础提供重大进展，包括对参与语音产生的每个大脑区域的详细功能描述。这反过来将允许更完整地描述涉及模型电路的沟通障碍，如言语失用症、口吃和共济失调性构音障碍。从长远来看，我们相信这种更好的理解将导致更好的诊断和治疗这些疾病。