Sequencing and Initiation in Speech Production

语音生成中的排序和启动

• 批准号: 8261318
• 负责人: FRANK H GUENTHER
• 金额: $ 34.78万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2016-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8261318
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Affect; Area; Basal Ganglia; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain imaging; Brain region; Cerebellum; Computer software; Data; Disease; Equation; Exhibits; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Individual; Language; Lateral; Learning; Left; Modeling; Motor; Neural Network Simulation; Neurons; Outcomes Research; Output; Persons; Phonetics; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Production; Property; Research Design; Research Project Grants; Simulate; Speech; Speech Sound; Stimulus; Structure; Study models; Stuttering; Synapses; Testing; Thalamic structure; Time; base; improved; mind control; models and simulation; neural circuit; neural model; neuroimaging; novel; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; sequence learning; sound; stuttering therapy; therapy development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primary aims of this research project are (1) to test and refine the GODIVA neural network model of the brain interactions underlying learning and production of speech sound sequences, and (2) to develop and experimentally test a neurocomputational model of stuttering based on this model. Four functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments, two involving persons with fluent speech (PFS) and two involving both PFS and persons who stutter (PWS) are proposed for the new funding period to pursue these aims. The studies focus on several left hemisphere frontal cortical regions known to be involved in speech motor sequencing, including the lateral prefrontal cortex, ventral premotor cortex (vPMC), supplementary motor area (SMA), and preSMA, along with associated subcortical structures (basal ganglia, cerebellum, and thalamus). Each region will be modeled mathematically with equations governing neuronal activities, and interactions between the regions will be modeled with equations governing synaptic strengths. The resulting models will be implemented in computer software and simulated on the same tasks as speakers in associated functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments. Primary Aim 1 is addressed by three studies designed to identify the neural representations used in the brain regions involved in speech sequence production. In Study 1, the GODIVA model will be modified to exhibit the property of repetition suppression, a phenomenon exploited in fMRI studies to investigate the "units" represented in different brain regions. Study 2 is an fMRI repetition suppression study (fMRI-RS) aimed at identifying the brain regions that process syllabic frames independent of phonetic content. Study 3 is an fMRI-RS study aimed at identifying the brain regions that treat consonant clusters as single units. Primary Aim 2 is addressed by three studies designed to investigate speech motor sequence learning and production in PWS. Study 4, an fMRI study involving learning of new speech sound, is aimed at determining the neural correlates of impaired speech motor sequence learning in PWS. Study 5 is an fMRI study investigating the neural circuitry underlying the fluency-inducing rhythm effect in which PWS produce syllables in time with a rhythmic external stimulus. In Study 6, a neurologically impaired version of the GODIVA model will be developed to simulate the tasks performed in studies 4 and 5. The integrated approach of computational neural modeling and functional brain imaging will provide a clearer, more mechanistic account of the neural processes underlying speech production in normal speakers and individuals with stuttering. This improved understanding will accelerate the development of treatments for stuttering and other disorders of speech sound sequencing. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This project will improve our understanding of how the brain controls speech production and how this control is disrupted in persons who stutter. The outcome of this research is expected to significantly accelerate the development of treatments for stuttering, which would have a profound impact on millions of people affected by this disorder.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究项目的主要目的是（1）测试和完善GODIVA神经网络模型的大脑相互作用的基础学习和生产的语音序列，（2）开发和实验测试神经计算模型的口吃的基础上，这个模型。四个功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）实验，两个涉及流利的语音（PFS）和两个涉及PFS和口吃（PWS）的人提出了新的资助期，以追求这些目标。这些研究集中在已知参与言语运动排序的几个左半球额叶皮质区域，包括外侧前额叶皮质、腹侧前运动皮质（vPMC）、补充运动区（SMA）和前SMA，沿着相关的皮质下结构（基底神经节、小脑和丘脑）。每个区域将用控制神经元活动的方程进行数学建模，并且区域之间的相互作用将用控制突触强度的方程进行建模。由此产生的模型将在计算机软件中实现，并在相关的功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）实验中模拟与扬声器相同的任务。主要目标1是解决了三项研究，旨在确定在语音序列生产涉及的大脑区域中使用的神经表征。在研究1中，GODIVA模型将被修改，以显示重复抑制的属性，这是一种在fMRI研究中用于研究不同脑区中代表的“单元”的现象。研究2是一项功能磁共振重复抑制研究（fMRI-RS），旨在确定独立于语音内容处理音节框架的大脑区域。研究3是一项fMRI-RS研究，旨在识别将辅音簇视为单个单位的大脑区域。主要目的2是解决三项研究，旨在探讨言语运动序列的学习和生产PWS。研究4是一项涉及新语音学习的功能磁共振成像研究，旨在确定PWS中受损语音运动序列学习的神经相关性。研究5是一项功能性磁共振成像研究，研究了流畅性诱导节奏效应的神经回路，其中PWS在有节奏的外部刺激下及时产生音节。在研究6中，将开发GODIVA模型的神经功能受损版本，以模拟研究4和5中执行的任务。计算神经建模和功能性脑成像的综合方法将提供一个更清晰，更机械的说明神经过程的语音生产在正常的扬声器和个人口吃。这种理解的提高将加速口吃和其他语音排序障碍的治疗方法的发展。 公共卫生关系：这个项目将提高我们对大脑如何控制言语产生以及这种控制如何在口吃者中被破坏的理解。这项研究的结果预计将大大加快口吃治疗的发展，这将对数百万受这种疾病影响的人产生深远的影响。