Central Neuronal Activity in Vestibular Compensation

前庭代偿中的中枢神经元活动

• 批准号: 7850006
• 负责人: Shawn D. Newlands
• 金额: $ 18.01万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-17 至 2011-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7850006
• 关键词: Acceleration; Accounting; Address; Affect; Afferent Neurons; Animals; Attention; Attenuated; Behavior; Behavioral; Bilateral; Brain Stem; Cell Nucleus; Cells; Cervical; Complex; Contralateral; Cues; Data; Dizziness; Equilibrium; Eye; Eye Movements; Ferns; Financial compensation; Force of Gravity; Frequencies; Funding; Grant; Head; Head Movements; Injury; Intervention; Investigation; Ipsilateral; Knowledge; Labyrinth; Left; Lesion; Location; Macaca mulatta; Maintenance; Measurement; Measures; Modification; Monkeys; Motion; Motor; Movement; Nature; Neurons; Otolaryngologist; Patients; Peripheral; Physiological Processes; Play; Positioning Attribute; Preparation; Primates; Process; Property; Recovery; Reflex action; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Rest; Rodent; Role; Rotation; Saccades; Semicircular canal structure; Sensory; Side; Signal Transduction; Source; Stimulus; Structure; Synapses; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Translations; Vestibular Nerve; Vestibular nucleus structure; Visual; Volition; Work; Yaws; computerized data processing; depressed; experience; extracellular; gaze; horizontal gaze; improved; injured; interest; labyrinthectomy; oculomotor; otoconia; relating to nervous system; research study; response; restoration; sample fixation; vestibular reflex; vestibulo-ocular reflex; visual feedback

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this project is to elucidate the mechanisms involved in recovery from vestibular injury (vestibular compensation) in primates. Experiments focus on the physiological processes underlying recovery of the vestibulo-ocular reflex following unilateral labyrinthectomy or plugging of the semicircular canals. The study will consider compensation of vestibular response during both passive and active head movements. For passive head movements, vestibular compensation has been found to be incomplete. The neuronal substrate for compensation of reflexes to both translational and rotational movement will be investigated using extracellular single unit recordings from the rostral bilateral vestibular nuclei both before and after peripheral vestibular lesion. Hypotheses concerning the central mechanisms of compensation of dynamic vestibular reflexes will be directly tested. These hypotheses include a role for plasticity in the vestibular commissural system and that permanent deficits in the otolith-ocular system are a result of permanent reorientation of the linear acceleration sensitivities of central neurons that encode translational and gravity information. For active head movements, preliminary studies have investigated the role played by volition in compensatory ocular responses during head movement by analyzing unrestrained eye and head saccadic movements (head-free gaze shifts) after labyrinthine lesion. These studies suggested that a subject is able to utilize copies of neural signals that encode head movements and/or cervical or visual feedback to facilitate behavioral compensation during natural, unrestrained head movements. This study will also test the hypothesis that copies of neural signals encoding volitional head movements are used during those head movements to modify the response of these central vestibular neurons, facilitating the stabilization of gaze during rotational movements in compensated animals. This research is an outgrowth of the P.l.'s interest in vestibular compensation developed from his previous research experience and from his work as an otolaryngologist treating patients complaining of dizziness.

描述（由申请人提供）：本项目的目的是阐明灵长类动物前庭损伤（前庭补偿）恢复的机制。实验着重于单侧半规管切除术或半规管堵塞后前庭眼反射恢复的生理过程。这项研究将考虑在被动和主动头部运动过程中前庭反应的补偿。对于被动的头部运动，已经发现前庭补偿是不完全的。将使用外周前庭损伤前后的双侧前庭核喙侧的细胞外单单位记录来研究对平移和旋转运动的反射补偿的神经元底物。关于动态前庭反射补偿的中枢机制的假设将被直接检验。这些假设包括前庭连合系统的可塑性的作用，以及耳石-眼系统的永久性缺陷是编码平移和重力信息的中枢神经元的线性加速度敏感性的永久性重新定向的结果。对于主动头部运动，初步研究通过分析脑损伤后无限制的眼睛和头部扫视运动（无头部凝视转移），研究了意志在头部运动期间代偿性眼反应中所起的作用。这些研究表明，受试者能够利用对头部运动和/或颈部或视觉反馈进行编码的神经信号的副本，以促进在自然、不受限制的头部运动期间的行为补偿。这项研究还将测试的假设，即在这些头部运动的神经信号编码的意志头部运动的副本，以修改这些中央前庭神经元的反应，促进在补偿动物的旋转运动的凝视稳定。这项研究是P.I.对前庭补偿的兴趣来自他以前的研究经验和他作为耳鼻喉科医生治疗头晕病人的工作。

项目成果

Responses of non-eye-movement central vestibular neurons to sinusoidal yaw rotation in compensated macaques after unilateral semicircular canal plugging.

单侧半规管堵塞后代偿猕猴中非眼动中央前庭神经元对正弦偏航旋转的反应。

• DOI: 10.1152/jn.00212.2016
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Journal of neurophysiology
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Newlands,ShawnD;Wei,Min;Morgan,David;Luan,Hongge
• 通讯作者: Luan,Hongge

Sensory convergence in the parieto-insular vestibular cortex.

• DOI: 10.1152/jn.00731.2013
• 发表时间: 2014-06
• 期刊: Journal of neurophysiology
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Michael E. Shinder;S. Newlands

Convergence of linear acceleration and yaw rotation signals on non-eye movement neurons in the vestibular nucleus of macaques.

猕猴前庭核非眼动神经元线性加速度和偏航旋转信号的收敛。

• DOI: 10.1152/jn.00382.2017
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Journal of neurophysiology
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Newlands,ShawnD;Abbatematteo,Ben;Wei,Min;Carney,LaurelH;Luan,Hongge
• 通讯作者: Luan,Hongge

Response linearity of alert monkey non-eye movement vestibular nucleus neurons during sinusoidal yaw rotation.

正弦偏航旋转期间警觉猴非眼动前庭核神经元的响应线性。

• DOI: 10.1152/jn.90914.2008
• 发表时间: 2009
• 期刊: Journal of neurophysiology
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Newlands,ShawnD;Lin,Nan;Wei,Min
• 通讯作者: Wei,Min

Does orbital proprioception contribute to gaze stability during translation?

眼眶本体感觉是否有助于平移过程中的注视稳定性？

• DOI: 10.1007/s00221-011-2873-y
• 发表时间: 2011
• 期刊: Experimental brain research
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Wei,Min;Lin,Nan;Newlands,ShawnD
• 通讯作者: Newlands,ShawnD