Gender, Emotional Arousal, and Risk for Adolescent Substance Abuse

性别、情绪唤起和青少年药物滥用的风险

• 批准号: 7894692
• 负责人: Tara M Chaplin
• 金额: $ 19.47万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-05-01 至 2013-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7894692
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Age; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Anxiety; Area; Arousal; Award; Biological; Birth; Cardiovascular system; Child; Complex; Data; Depressed mood; Development; Disease; Doctor of Philosophy; Emotional; Emotions; Equation; Family; Fetal Cocaine Exposure; Frequencies; Gender; Hydrocortisone; Laboratories; Low income; Measures; Mediating; Mental Depression; Mentors; Modeling; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Psychopathology; Publishing; Reading; Research; Research Project Grants; Research Scientist Award; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Scientist; Stress; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; System; Techniques; Testing; Training; Trier Social Stress Test; adolescent substance abuse; base; boys; caregiving; cocaine exposure; cohort; depressive symptoms; developmental neurobiology; early childhood; experience; follow up assessment; follow-up; girls; meetings; prenatal exposure; programs; psychosocial; response; showing emotion; social; stressor; symposium; therapy development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Mentored Research Scientist Award for Tara M. Chaplin, Ph.D. This K01 application seeks support that is essential for my development as an independent interdisciplinary scientist. I have developed an important program of psychosocial research on gender, patterns of emotional response to stress, and the development of depression in adolescence. However, to fully understand the impact of emotional arousal patterns on adolescent psychopathology, I must incorporate biological aspects of emotion and must understand the role of emotion in both internalizing disorders such as depression and externalizing disorders such as substance abuse. Therefore, in this K01 application, I propose to acquire training in three areas: (a) developmental neurobiology models and measures of emotion and psychopathology; (b) substance abuse research; and (c) advanced data analytic techniques for repeated bio-psycho-social data and complex developmental models, including Linear Mixed Effects and Structural Equation Modeling. Training will be provided through intensive mentoring by a team of leading interdisciplinary scientists, and through guided readings, coursework, and attendance at conferences/meetings. I will also complete a research project examining the role of emotional response to stress in the development of substance use and depressive symptoms in 200 adolescents (aged 14-15 years), half of whom are at risk for the development of adjustment problems due to prenatal cocaine exposure. Prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) is known to specifically impact emotional arousal systems and may also be a risk factor for substance use disorders and depression in adolescence. However, no published studies have followed PCE children into adolescence to test this possibility. The proposed study follows a well-characterized cohort of adolescents who have been studied since their birth. Half of the adolescents were prenatally exposed to cocaine and the other half were not exposed to substances, with both groups from low-income families. Adolescents will participate in a laboratory-based stress task (the Trier Social Stress Test, TSST) with detailed assessments of their emotional responses across bio-psychosocial domains. Adolescent's subjective emotion experience, observed emotion expression, cardiovascular arousal (HR, BP), and HPA-Axis arousal (cortisol levels) will be assessed before, during, and after the TSST. Adolescents will complete 6- and 12-month follow-up assessments of substance use/abuse and depression. Analyses will examine associations between emotional response to the stressor and increases in substance use and depressive symptoms by 12-month follow-up. Understanding possible mechanisms for the initiation and early escalation of substance use disorders and depression will inform the development of interventions for adolescents at risk and the proposed Award will enable me to contribute to this field.

描述（由申请人提供）：塔拉M的指导研究科学家奖。卓别林博士这个K 01应用程序寻求支持，这是我作为一个独立的跨学科科学家的发展至关重要。我已经制定了一个重要的社会心理研究计划，涉及性别、对压力的情绪反应模式以及青春期抑郁症的发展。然而，为了充分理解情绪唤醒模式对青少年精神病理学的影响，我必须将情绪的生物学方面纳入其中，必须理解情绪在抑郁症等内化障碍和物质滥用等外化障碍中的作用。因此，在这个K 01应用程序中，我建议获得三个领域的培训：（a）发展神经生物学模型和情绪和精神病理学的测量;（B）药物滥用研究;（c）重复生物-心理-社会数据和复杂发展模型的先进数据分析技术，包括线性混合效应和结构方程模型。培训将通过一个领先的跨学科科学家团队的密集辅导，并通过指导阅读，课程和出席会议/会议。我还将完成一个研究项目，研究200名青少年（14-15岁）对物质使用和抑郁症状的发展中对压力的情绪反应的作用，其中一半人因产前接触可卡因而有发展适应问题的风险。众所周知，产前可卡因暴露（PCE）会特别影响情绪唤起系统，也可能是青春期物质使用障碍和抑郁症的风险因素。然而，没有已发表的研究跟踪PCE儿童进入青春期以测试这种可能性。这项拟议的研究遵循了一组特征良好的青少年队列，这些青少年自出生以来就一直受到研究。一半的青少年在产前接触可卡因，另一半则没有接触过毒品，两组都来自低收入家庭。青少年将参加一项基于实验室的压力任务（特里尔社会压力测试，TSST），详细评估他们在生物心理社会领域的情绪反应。青少年的主观情绪体验，观察到的情绪表达，心血管唤醒（HR，BP）和HPA轴唤醒（皮质醇水平）将在TSST之前，期间和之后进行评估。青少年将完成6个月和12个月的药物使用/滥用和抑郁症的随访评估。分析将在12个月的随访中检查对压力源的情绪反应与物质使用和抑郁症状增加之间的关联。了解物质使用障碍和抑郁症的启动和早期升级的可能机制将为风险青少年的干预措施的发展提供信息，拟议的奖项将使我能够为这一领域做出贡献。