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Audio Based Navigation in the Blind

基于音频的盲人导航

基本信息

批准号：
7769011
负责人：
Lotfi Merabet
金额：
$ 13.84万
依托单位：
BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-02-01 至 2010-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7769011
关键词：
Adult Area Auditory Award Basic Science Behavioral Biological Neural Networks Blindness Child Clinical Cognitive Computer software Computers Cues Destinations Development Effectiveness Environment Evaluation Eye Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Generations Hippocampus (Brain)Human Image Individual Investigative Techniques Knowledge Laboratories Lead Learning Magnetism Maps Methods Motor Neurobiology Neuronal Plasticity Neurosciences Neurosciences Research Occipital lobe Outcome Measure Parietal Participant Performance Phase Physical environment Principal Investigator Process Rehabilitation therapy Relative (related person)Route Scientist Sensory Sensory Process Simulate Structure Task Performances Techniques Testing Time Training Transcranial magnetic stimulation Transference Translating Travel Video Games Vision Visual Visual impairment Visually Impaired Persons base blind career cognitive neuroscience compare effectiveness computer center experience indexing insight interest investigator training neuroimaging neuromechanism novel novel strategies practical application primary outcome public health relevance relating to nervous system research study skills spatial relationship translational neuroscience virtual way finding

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose a combined field and laboratory approach investigating cognitive spatial mapping in the blind through virtual navigation and assessing the transference of acquired spatial knowledge in a real-world navigation task. Training and evaluation of navigation performance will be carried out with a user-centered, computer-based navigation software platform called Auditory-based Environment Simulator (AbES). This software was developed to assist in orientation and mobility (O&M) training by introducing a blind user to an unfamiliar environment through immersive virtual navigation. Using auditory spectral cues, a user learns to build a cognitive spatial map of their physical surroundings. In this study, participants will interact with the software and navigate through a simulated virtual environment that represents an actual physical space. In a first phase of the study, we will compare learning and spatial cognitive map development in early and late blind individuals using the software in two different modes: 1) directed navigation of pre-determined routes guided by a facilitator and 2) self-directed (or "open discovery") navigation under the pretext of an exploration-theme video game. The ability to translate acquired spatial information will then be assessed with navigating tasks carried out in the actual physical environment. In a second phase of the study, we will investigate the neural correlates associated with spatial navigation. Using functional magnetic imaging (fMRI), neural networks associated with navigation will be assessed in sighted compared to early and late blind individuals and as a function of overall behavioral performance over time. Secondly, the functional contribution of identified cortical areas will be assessed by reversible cortical disruption using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). The results of this study will 1) contribute new insights towards our understanding of the neural mechanisms associated with navigation and 2) develop novel approaches for orientation and navigation training in the blind. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: We propose to investigate cognitive spatial mapping skills in the blind through virtual navigation of real-world environments using a computer-based software approach. The results of this study will contribute new insights towards our understanding of the neural mechanisms associated with navigation and develop novel approaches for orientation and mobility training in the blind.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们提出了一种结合现场和实验室的方法，通过虚拟导航调查盲人的认知空间映射，并评估在现实世界的导航任务中获得的空间知识的转移。导航性能的培训和评估将使用以用户为中心的基于计算机的导航软件平台进行，称为基于听觉的环境模拟器（AbES）。该软件的开发旨在通过沉浸式虚拟导航将盲人用户引入到不熟悉的环境中，以协助定向和移动性（O&M）培训。使用听觉频谱线索，用户学习构建其物理环境的认知空间图。在这项研究中，参与者将与软件互动，并在代表实际物理空间的模拟虚拟环境中导航。在研究的第一阶段，我们将比较学习和空间认知地图的发展在早期和晚期失明的个人使用该软件在两种不同的模式：1）定向导航的预先确定的路线引导的主持人和2）自我导向（或“开放式发现”）导航的借口下的探索主题的视频游戏。然后将通过在实际物理环境中执行的导航任务来评估翻译所获得的空间信息的能力。在研究的第二阶段，我们将研究与空间导航相关的神经相关性。使用功能磁成像（fMRI），与导航相关的神经网络将在视力正常的人中进行评估，与早期和晚期失明的人进行比较，并作为整体行为表现随时间的函数。其次，将使用经颅磁刺激（TMS）通过可逆性皮质破坏来评估已识别皮质区域的功能贡献。这项研究的结果将1）为我们理解与导航相关的神经机制提供新的见解，2）为盲人的定向和导航训练开发新的方法。公共卫生关系：我们建议调查认知空间映射技能的盲人通过虚拟导航的现实世界的环境中使用基于计算机的软件的方法。这项研究的结果将为我们理解与导航相关的神经机制提供新的见解，并为盲人的定向和移动训练开发新的方法。