Parent & Relational Predictors of Conduct Problems &n Callous/Unemotional Traits

家长

• 批准号: 8112214
• 负责人: William Roger Mills-Koonce
• 金额: $ 7.4万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-04-01 至 2013-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8112214
• 关键词: 3 year old; Address; Adolescence; Adult; Affective; Age; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Caregivers; Child; Child Behavior; Child Care; Childhood; Code; Cognitive; Communication; Complement; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Development; Dimensions; Economics; Emotional; Etiology; Exhibits; Family; Goals; Heterogeneity; Intervention; Investigation; Joints; Life; Maternal Behavior; Measurement; Measures; Modeling; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Outcome; Parent-Child Relations; Parenting behavior; Parents; Pattern; Plant Roots; Predisposition; Process; Public Health; Punishment; Reporting; Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Sample Size; Sampling; Secondary to; Source; Subgroup; Testing; Time; Training; Variant; Violence; Work; Youth; anti social; base; callous unemotional trait; caregiving; cost; cost efficient; critical developmental period; early childhood; early experience; early onset; experience; improved; infancy; life course persistent; novel; parental role; psychopathic personality; psychosocial; trait

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Antisocial adults exhibit a life-course persistent pattern of conduct problems (CP) with roots in early childhood, including evidence for precursors dating to infancy. A specific aspects of psychopathy, namely callous and unemotional (CU) traits, has been identified as an additional risk factor for young children with conduct problems. Children with conduct problems and CU traits (CP+CU) differ from those without CU traits on behavioral, emotional, biological, cognitive, and developmental measures. Furthermore, children with CP+CU typically exhibit more severe and violent antisocial behavior that is more like to persist over time. The etiology of CU and CP+CU, however, is still relatively unknown. Whereas negative parenting is an established risk factor for the development of CP, the roles of parenting and early relational experience is less understood for children with CU. In addition, although there has been research on early attachment quality and later CP, to date there has been no large-scale investigation of early attachment and later CU or CP+CU, despite evidence that disorganized attachment quality is a risk factor for maladaptive behavioral outcomes well into adolescence and adulthood. This proposal is unique from previous research in two important domains. First, this proposal will utilize observed measures of parenting and attachment, including normative variations in parenting (maternal insensitivity), non-normative parenting (atypical caregiving), and observed attachment quality from the Strange Situation Paradigm. Previous studies examining CP, CU, and CP+CU have largely relied on parent-report of caregiving behaviors. Second, to our knowledge this would be one of the first studies to examine caregiving and relational antecedents of CU and CP+CU during the first years of life. This is a critical developmental period for the acquisition of self-regulatory and empathetic functioning, deficits of which have been associated with CP, CU, and CP+CU. In this proposal we argue that unique dimensions of parenting behavior and early attachment relationships may differentially predict children with CP, CU and CP+CU from normative controls. These hypotheses include main effects for maternal insensitivity, atypical parenting, and attachment quality, as well as the prediction that attachment insecurity may result in heightened child susceptibility to the effects of insensitivity and atypical parenting, rendering children from these caregiving and attachment backgrounds most vulnerable for later CP, CU and CP+CU. To test these hypotheses we will utilize the longitudinal dataset on maternal sensitivity, attachment quality, and child behavior outcomes provided by the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD). In addition to secondary data analyses, we will recode a subsample of SECCYD parent-child interactions for coding atypical maternal behaviors. The SECCYD is one of the few studies with longitudinal data and a sample size large enough to test these hypotheses. Furthermore, because this proposal focuses largely on secondary data analyses, it is a cost efficient means of addressing questions of significant scientific and societal importance. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed project aims to better understand the origins of early child conduct problems and callous and emotional traits by examining early parenting behaviors and parent-child attachment quality during the first year of life as predictors of behavioral outcomes at age 3. The goal of this research is to better understand how family factors contribute to disruptive and maladaptive behaviors in young children, behaviors which may persist into later childhood, adolescence and even adulthood. This is a novel study because it is one of the first to examine this subgroup of children during infancy, and is the first to examine the independent and joint effects of parenting and attachment quality on later conduct problems and callous and unemotional traits.

描述（由申请人提供）：反社会成年人表现出一种终身持续的行为问题模式（CP），其根源于儿童早期，包括可追溯到婴儿期的前兆证据。精神病的一个具体方面，即冷酷无情（CU）的特征，已被确定为有行为问题的幼儿的另一个危险因素。行为问题儿童和无行为问题儿童在行为、情绪、生理、认知和发展等方面存在差异。此外，患有CP+CU的儿童通常表现出更严重和暴力的反社会行为，这种行为更有可能持续一段时间。然而，CU和CP+CU的病因仍相对未知。虽然消极的养育方式是CP发展的一个确定的风险因素，但养育方式和早期关系经验对CU儿童的作用却知之甚少。此外，尽管已有早期依恋质量和后期CP的研究，但迄今为止还没有对早期依恋和后期CU或CP+CU进行大规模调查，尽管有证据表明，无组织的依恋质量是进入青春期和成年期的适应不良行为结果的风险因素。这一建议在两个重要领域有别于以往的研究。首先，本研究将利用观察到的养育和依恋的测量方法，包括养育的规范性变化（母亲不敏感）、非规范性养育（非典型照料）和观察到的来自陌生情境范式的依恋质量。以往对CP、CU和CP+CU的研究在很大程度上依赖于父母对照顾行为的报告。其次，据我们所知，这将是第一个研究CU和CP+CU在生命最初几年的护理和相关前因的研究之一。这是自我调节和共情功能习得的关键发育时期，其缺陷与CP、CU和CP+CU有关。在本研究中，我们认为父母行为和早期依恋关系的独特维度可能会对CP、CU和CP+CU的儿童与规范对照有不同的预测。这些假设包括母亲不敏感、非典型养育方式和依恋质量的主要影响，以及依恋不安全感可能导致儿童对不敏感和非典型养育方式影响的易感性增加，使这些照顾和依恋背景的儿童在以后的CP、CU和CP+CU中最脆弱。为了验证这些假设，我们将利用NICHD早期儿童保育和青少年发展研究（SECCYD）提供的关于母亲敏感性、依恋质量和儿童行为结果的纵向数据集。除了二级数据分析，我们将重新编码SECCYD亲子互动的子样本，以编码非典型母亲行为。SECCYD是为数不多的具有纵向数据和足够大的样本量来检验这些假设的研究之一。此外，由于本提案主要侧重于二次数据分析，因此它是解决重大科学和社会重要性问题的成本效益手段。