A Tailored Internet Intervention for Skin Cancer Risk Reduction in Young Adults

描述（由申请人提供）：皮肤癌是美国最常见的癌症，每年有超过一百万的新病例被诊断出来。年轻人，尤其是女性，患黑色素瘤的风险越来越高。导致年轻人患皮肤癌风险增加的一个原因是，在所有年龄组中，美国青少年的皮肤保护率最低，而且随着他们进入成年期，自然和人工紫外线辐射的暴露也在增加。需要创新的干预措施来降低年轻人患皮肤癌的风险。与以前的干预不同，我们的皮肤癌风险降低干预将为每个参与者量身定制（或个性化），并通过互联网提供。量身定制的干预措施将强调对外表的关注，这是年轻人暴露在紫外线下和缺乏皮肤保护的主要原因。这将部分通过使用显示紫外线损伤的个性化面部图像以及计算机化的年龄进展演示来实现。主要目标1。研究通过互联网提供的一种量身定制的干预措施的有效性，该干预措施旨在增加皮肤保护，减少患皮肤癌的中高风险年轻人的阳光照射行为。参与者将被随机分配到量身定制的干预，皮肤癌基金会网站，或仅评估条件。目标2。评估社会人口统计学变量（性别、种族/民族、皮肤类型、皮肤癌家族史、教育程度、社会经济地位和地理位置）、外貌意识、既往暴露和保护行为是否会调节干预效果。目标3。评估综合模型4构念（紫外线相关知识、风险感知、信念、规范、自我效能和意图）是否介导干预效果。这些中介因素和行为结果将在基线以及基线后三周和三个月进行评估。在项目的第一阶段，将通过可接受性和可用性测试，开发和完善量身定制的干预措施，包括互动和多媒体材料。在第二阶段，将通过互联网进行一项随机对照试验，评估量身定制的干预措施在改善紫外线暴露和保护行为方面的功效。我们还将建立干预效果的调节因子和中介因子。未来研究的目标将是加强量身定制的干预措施，例如，通过增加额外的联系方式或互联网技术或功能，传播干预措施，评估效果的持续时间，和/或调整量身定制的干预措施，用于其他癌症风险行为或风险群体。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the US, with over a million new cases diagnosed yearly 1. Young adults, particularly women, are increasingly at risk of melanoma. Contributing to the increasing skin cancer risk among young adults is the fact that US adolescents have the lowest skin protection rates of all age groups 2 and also demonstrate increased exposure to natural and artificial UV radiation as they move into adulthood 3. Innovative interventions are needed to have an impact on skin cancer risk among young people. Unlike previous interventions, our skin cancer risk reduction intervention will be tailored (or personalized) to each individual participant and delivered via the Internet. The tailored intervention will emphasize appearance concerns, which are known to be the primary motivation for UV exposure and lack of skin protection among young adults. This will be accomplished in part through the use of personalized facial images showing UV damage as well as computerized age progression demonstrations. Primary Aim 1. To examine the efficacy of a tailored intervention delivered via the Internet designed to increase skin protection and decrease sun exposure behavior among young adults at moderate to high risk of developing skin cancer. Participants will be randomized to the tailored intervention, the Skin Cancer Foundation website, or an assessment only condition. Aim 2. To evaluate whether socio-demographic variables (sex, race/ethnicity, skin type, family history of skin cancer, education, socioeconomic status, and geographic locale), appearance consciousness, and past exposure and protective behaviors moderate intervention effects. Aim 3. To evaluate whether Integrative Model 4 constructs (UV-related knowledge, risk perception, beliefs, norms, self-efficacy, and intentions) mediate intervention effects. These mediators and the behavioral outcomes will be assessed at baseline as well as three weeks and three months post baseline. In the first stage of the project, the tailored intervention including interactive and multimedia materials will be developed and refined through acceptability and usability testing. In the second stage, the efficacy of the tailored intervention at improving UV exposure and protection behaviors will be evaluated in a randomized controlled trial conducted via the Internet. We will also establish moderators and mediators of intervention effects. The goals of future research would be to enhance the tailored intervention, for example, by adding additional contacts or Internet technologies or features, disseminate the intervention, assess the longevity of effects, and/or adapt the tailored intervention for use with other cancer risk behaviors or at risk groups. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the US, with over a million new cases diagnosed yearly. Innovative interventions are needed to have an impact on skin cancer risk. The purpose of the proposed project is to test a tailored intervention delivered via the Internet designed to reduce skin cancer risk behavior among young adults at moderate to high risk of developing skin cancer.