2013 Infectious Diseases in Africa: Measurement of Immune Responses

描述(申请人提供)：非洲大陆巨大的传染病负担主要由艾滋病毒、结核病和疟疾构成。仅这三种疾病就在所有年龄段的大多数非洲国家造成社会和经济不稳定。到2010年年中，撒哈拉以南非洲的2290万艾滋病毒携带者约占所有艾滋病毒携带者的68%(艾滋病规划署2011年全球报告)。尽管自2006年以来，非洲的结核病病例绝对数一直在下降，但根据世卫组织最新的全球结核病控制报告(2011年)，2012年非洲有880万个结核病病例。2010年，疟疾估计造成655,000人死亡，主要是非洲儿童(世卫组织2012年情况说明书)，据估计，疟疾是生产力损失的原因，导致一些非洲国家每年损失1.3%的增长率。非洲人口中这种令人难以置信的疾病负担正在给社会的各个方面造成破坏，最明显的是在大多数非洲国家的经济中。尽管在受影响最严重的国家采取了许多措施来应对艾滋病毒、结核病和疟疾造成的疾病负担，但在培训当地科学家掌握一些有助于国内发展的方法方面仍然存在空白。 研究。在这笔赠款中，我们认为，对青年科学家的培训应与实验室等现场有形基础设施的实施同时进行。重要的是，国内科学家有机会获得科学知识并接受培训，以寻找这些传染病的免疫保护相关因素。通过组织题为“非洲的传染病：免疫反应的测量”的研讨会(开普敦大学，南非开普敦，2013-2015年5月)，我们的目标是：1)继续提供结核病、艾滋病毒、疟疾和免疫学领域的前沿知识；2)在非洲大陆培养新的科学领导地位。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The huge communicable disease burden on the African continent is largely made up of HIV, Tuberculosis and Malaria. The trio of diseases alone is creating societal and economic instability in most African countries within all age groups. By mid-2010, the 22.9 million people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa made up approximately 68% of all people living with HIV (UNAIDS 2011 Global Report). Although the absolute number of TB cases in Africa has been falling since 2006, according to the latest WHO report on Global TB Control (2011), Africa had 8.8 million incident cases of TB in 2012. In 2010, malaria caused an estimated 655,000 deaths mostly among African children (WHO factsheet 2012) and it has been estimated that malaria is responsible for loss in productivity that results i a 1.3% growth penalty per year in some African countries. This incredible burden of diseases amongst African populations is causing devastation in all facets of society, most notably in the economies of most African countries. Although there are many measures in place to tackle the disease burden from HIV, TB and Malaria within countries worst affected, there remains a void in terms of training local scientists in some of the methodologies that would facilitate in-country research. In this grant, we believe that training of young scientists should be conducted along with the implementation of in situ physical infrastructures, such as laboratories. It is important that in-country scientists have access to scientific knowledge and training to seek correlates of immune protection for these infectious diseases. By organizing this cycle of symposia, entitled: "Infectious Diseases in Africa: Measurement of Immune Response" (University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, May 2013- 2015), our objectives are: 1) To continue to provide cutting-edge knowledge in the fields of TB, HIV and malaria and immunology 2) To foster new scientific leadership on the African Continent.