Transmission pathways of the food-borne carcinogen Opisthorchis viverrini

食源性致癌物 Opisthorchis viverrini 的传播途径

• 批准号: 8896415
• 负责人: ROBERT C SPEAR
• 金额: $ 21.78万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-01 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8896415
• 关键词: Adolescent; Area; Bayesian Method; Carcinogens; Cellular Phone; Cholangiocarcinoma; Clonorchis sinensis; Complex; Consumption; Data; Disease; Ecology; Ecosystem; Education; Exposure to; Fasciola hepatica; Feces; Fisheries; Fishes; Food; Food Patterns; Food Safety; Fostering; Fresh Water; Future; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Markers; Genotype; Geometry; Goals; Habitats; Harvest; Health; Human; Incidence; Individual; Infection; Infection prevention; International; Intervention; Irrigation; Laboratories; Lead; Location; Low Income Population; Malignant Neoplasms; Maps; Measures; Methods; Microsatellite Repeats; Modification; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Movement; Opisthorchis viverrini; Parasites; Parasitology; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Population; Population Genetics; Prevalence; Prevention program; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Research; Risk; Rivers; Role; Sampling; Scientist; Seasons; Site; Snails; Somatotype; Source; Southeastern Asia; Structure; Students; Surveys; System; Techniques; Testing; Thailand; Training; Water; base; contaminant transport; density; disease transmission; environmental intervention; exposed human population; foodborne; genetic epidemiology; global health; interest; multidisciplinary; neglected tropical diseases; population genetic structure; programs; reproductive; transmission process; undercooked

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The carcinogenic liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini is a food-borne parasite that infects approximately 10 million people, primarily in low-income populations in Southeast Asia. People become infected when they consume raw or undercooked freshwater fish harboring O. viverrini metacercariae and infection can cause cholangiocarcinoma. The proposed research will characterize transmission pathways of O. viverrini, focusing on the role of fish movement and food-distribution networks in distributing O. viverrini parasites to human populations. The research will take place in and around three connected lakes in Northeast Thailand, an area with the highest incidence of O. viverrini-induced cholangiocarcinoma in the world. Using neutral genetic markers, we will assess the population structure of the parasite in the study region in order to assess whether there exist spatially distinct foci of transmission (e.g. transmission is constrained at the scale of a lake), r if there is widespread gene flow throughout the region, suggesting parasites are readily transported between lakes and villages. We will characterize harvested fish distribution networks. Using a smartphone-based exposure assessment protocol targeting fishermen, we will quantify connections between source lakes and villages throughout the study region in order to evaluate whether these connections constitute a regional transmission network. In addition, we evaluate the potential role of fish movement in distributing parasites- O. viverrini infections n the first intermediate snail host are rare (typically, prevalence is <2%) but fish infections are common (exceeding 90% prevalence in some areas), which suggests that fish may collect parasites from a patchwork of infected snails, distributing infections across their range. We will examine the distribution of O. viverrini infections in fish, sampling fish from different sites witin and between lakes in order to test the hypothesis that O. viverrini infections vary by lake, which, if detected, implies cyprinid host movements are constrained by lake geometry. We will ultimately evaluate the concordance of O. viverrini population genetic structure with the spatial patterns of food-distribution networks and fish infections, allowing us to infer key transmission pathways that act to constrain or facilitate the spread of O. viverrini. The proposed research will fill in crucial gaps in our understanding of this neglected tropical disease that can be used to guide infection prevention programs and food safety monitoring for O. viverrini and the related parasite, Clonorchis sinensis, which infects an estimated 35 million people. More generally, this disease system provides an opportunity to evaluate the role of food distribution systems and natural landscape boundaries in defining the spatial scale of infectious disease transmission.

描述（由申请人提供）：致癌肝吸虫猫尾后睾吸虫是一种食源性寄生虫，感染了大约1000万人，主要是东南亚的低收入人群。当人们食用生的或未煮熟的含有O.肝吸虫囊蚴和感染可引起胆管癌。这项研究将描述O. viverrini，重点是鱼类运动和食物分配网络在分布O。对人类的影响。这项研究将在泰国东北部三个相连的湖泊及其周围进行，这是O。世界上第一个由Viverrini引起的胆管癌。使用中性遗传标记，我们将评估寄生虫在研究区域的人口结构，以评估是否存在空间上不同的传播焦点（例如，传输限制在一个湖泊的规模），r如果有广泛的基因流在整个地区，这表明寄生虫很容易在湖泊和村庄之间运输。我们将描述收获的鱼的分销网络。使用基于智能手机的暴露评估协议，针对渔民，我们将量化整个研究区域的源湖和村庄之间的连接，以评估这些连接是否构成区域传输网络。此外，我们评估的潜在作用，鱼类运动分布的寄生虫- O。在第一中间蜗牛宿主中的灵猫感染是罕见的（通常，流行率<2%），但鱼类感染是常见的（在某些地区超过90%的流行率），这表明鱼类可能从受感染的蜗牛的拼凑物中收集寄生虫，在它们的范围内传播感染。我们将研究O.为了验证O.灵猫感染因湖而异， 如果检测到，意味着鲤科宿主的移动受到湖泊几何形状的限制。我们将最终评估O.灵猫种群遗传结构与食物分配网络和鱼类感染的空间模式，使我们能够推断出限制或促进O.维韦里尼。拟议的研究将 填补了我们对这种被忽视的热带疾病的理解的关键空白，可用于指导O.灵猫和相关的寄生虫，中华克隆虫，估计感染了3500万人。更一般地说，这种疾病系统提供了一个机会，以评估食品分配系统和自然景观边界的作用，在定义传染病传播的空间尺度。

项目成果

Modeling liver fluke transmission in northeast Thailand: Impacts of development, hydrology, and control.

泰国东北部肝吸虫传播建模：发展、水文和控制的影响。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.08.008
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Acta tropica
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: León,TomásM;Porco,TravisC;Kim,ChristinaS;Kaewkes,Sasithorn;Kaewkes,Wanlop;Sripa,Banchob;Spear,RobertC
• 通讯作者: Spear,RobertC

Culture of fecal indicator bacteria from snail intestinal tubes as a tool for assessing the risk of Opisthorchis viverrini infection in Bithynia snail habitat.

从蜗牛肠管中培养粪便指示菌，作为评估比提尼亚蜗牛栖息地 Opisthorchis viverrini 感染风险的工具。

• DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3313-2
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Parasites & vectors
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Nawrocki,CourtneyC;Kiatsopit,Nadda;Namsanor,Jutamas;Sithithaworn,Paiboon;Carlton,ElizabethJ
• 通讯作者: Carlton,ElizabethJ

Preliminary genetic evidence of two different populations of Opisthorchis viverrini in Lao PDR.

老挝人民民主共和国两个不同 Opisthorchis viverrini 种群的初步遗传证据。

• DOI: 10.1007/s00436-017-5401-6
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Parasitology research
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Pitaksakulrat,Opal;Kiatsopit,Nadda;Laoprom,Nonglak;Webster,BonnieL;Webster,JoanneP;Lamberton,PoppyHL;Laha,Thewarach;Andrews,RossH;Petney,TrevorN;Blair,David;Carlton,ElizabethJ;Spear,RobertC;Sithithaworn,Paiboon
• 通讯作者: Sithithaworn,Paiboon