Abused and non-abused females' high-risk online behaviors: Impact on development

描述（由申请人提供）：大多数12 - 18岁的美国青少年经常访问互联网，并且很大一部分参与高风险互联网行为（HRIB），包括在线接触色情内容和参与可能导致互联网引发的受害的在线社交行为。目前的互联网安全计划严重依赖于父母的监控作为保护青少年的主要手段，但超过40%的青少年互联网用户报告说，他们无意中接触到了性内容，另有20%的人承认故意在网上寻找色情材料。此外，越来越多的父母允许他们的孩子多报年龄，以获得访问社交网站的权限，在这些网站上，有风险的在线社交行为，如泄露个人身份信息和发布性挑逗的自我描述，增加了在线剥削的脆弱性，也是大多数互联网引发的性犯罪的起源。现存的互联网安全研究因依赖青少年的自我报告而受到高度批评。因此，对HRIB的规模和影响以及同样重要的是，哪些青少年可能最容易受到影响的客观知识有限。我们的研究表明，遭受性虐待的青少年可能特别容易受到HRIB的影响，因为这些受害者表现出更大的色情消费倾向，挑衅性的在线自我展示，在线性进步，离线会议，危险的性行为和性再次受害比他们的非虐待同龄人。我们的多学科团队将对400名12 - 15岁的青少年女性进行自然主义研究;其中一半最近经历过证实的性虐待。这项研究将是第一个超越青少年自我报告HRIB的研究，通过（1）通过记录4周内的所有URL活动并量化成人和性内容的URL来评估青少年的“互联网足迹”，以及（2）在实验室中客观量化HRIB在线和体内。这些程序，沿着全面的社会心理访谈，将在加速纵向、交叉序贯设计中每15个月重复一次，持续2个后续时间点，允许在12 - 18岁的青春期进行交叉滞后和发育建模。总体目标是通过提供客观的HRIB流行率并阐明其对青少年发展的影响，为青少年互联网安全运动提供充分信息。通过关注性虐待青少年的高风险群体，并测试一个概念模型，其中包括一套全面的风险和保护因素，研究结果不仅将加强虐待受害者的治疗模式，而且将引导父母和政策制定者了解促进青少年互联网安全的最佳方法。这项创新的研究将通过强调挑衅性自我展示的影响，并推荐保护父母不懂互联网或不参与的青少年的方法，填补以学校为基础的互联网安全计划的重要空白。研究结果将通过确定有助于减少艾滋病毒/艾滋病影响的有效、青少年、家庭和背景变量，加强二级预防和干预工作。 HRIB一旦发生。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The majority of US adolescents aged 12-18 have regular access to the internet and a significant portion engage in High-risk Internet Behaviors (HRIBs) including online exposure to sexually explicit content and engaging in online social behaviors that could lead to internet-initiated victimization. Current internet safety programs rel heavily on parental monitoring as a primary means of protecting teens yet over 40% of teen internet users report unwanted exposure to sexual content with another 20% admitting to intentionally seeking online pornographic materials. Moreover, an increasing number of parents allow their kids to over-report their age in order to be granted access to social networking sites-places where risky online social behaviors such as divulging personal identifying information and posting sexually provocative self-descriptors increase vulnerability for online exploitation, and where most internet-initiated sex crimes originate. Extant internet safety studies are highly criticized for reliance on adolescent self-reports. Hence, there is limited objective knowledge about the magnitude and impact of HRIBs and, of equal importance, which teens might be the most susceptible. Our research shows that sexually abused adolescents may be especially vulnerable to HRIBs because these victims demonstrate a greater propensity toward pornography consumption, provocative online self-presentations, online sexual advances, offline meetings, risky sexual behaviors and sexual re-victimization than do their non-abused peers. Our multidisciplinary team will conduct a naturalistic study of 400 adolescent females aged 12-15; half of whom recently experienced substantiated sexual abuse. The study will be the first to go beyond adolescent self-reports of HRIBs via (1) assessing adolescents' "internet footprints" by recording all URL activity within a 4-week period and quantifying URLs for adult and sexual content, and (2) objectively quantifying HRIBs both online and in-vivo in the lab. These procedures, along with a comprehensive psychosocial interview, will be repeated every 15 months for 2 subsequent time points in an accelerated longitudinal, cross-sequential design allowing for cross-lag and developmental modeling across adolescence from age 12-18. The overall objective is to fully inform teen internet safety campaigns by providing objective HRIBs prevalence rates and articulating their impact on adolescent development. By focusing on the high-risk group of sexually abused adolescents and testing a conceptual model which includes a comprehensive set of risk and protective factors, findings will not only enhance treatment models for abuse victims, but will orient parents and policy makers about the best ways to promote internet safety for teens in general. This innovative research will fill important gaps in school-based internet safety programs by highlighting the implications for provocative self-presentations and recommending ways to protect teens whose parents are not internet savvy or are otherwise uninvolved. Results will enhance secondary prevention and intervention efforts by identifying potent, adolescent, family and contextual variables that serve to curtail the impact of HRIBs once they occur.