Context and Subjective Experience Surrounding Dual Cigarette and E Cigarette Use

 烟草使用行为是复杂和不断变化的，电子烟（e-cigarettes）的使用越来越多。面对这些变化，我们需要更多地了解电子烟使用的行为现象及其与其他因素的关联，例如持续使用可燃烟草（传统卷烟），尼古丁依赖或烟草制品使用模式的变化，包括减少或停止传统卷烟和电子烟的摄入。了解电子烟“实际使用情况”将有助于指导FDA的监管决策。该项目将使用生态瞬时评估（EMA）来收集双产品（传统和电子烟）用户的日常体验和烟草使用的实时报告，以研究烟草使用的直接背景，沿着个人对这些体验的主观反应，如何因产品和个人特征而异，并影响传统和电子烟的未来使用模式。我们讨论了几个FDA研究重点：1）烟草使用行为的多样性以及相关的态度，感知和主观体验; 2）与使用不同烟草产品相关的主观体验如何与烟草依赖和依赖性变化相关;以及3）对电子烟信息的认识如何与电子烟使用的预期和体验相关。我们将招募450名成年吸烟者，他们也使用电子烟或使用电子烟的“高风险”，并进行两次纵向EMA波。我们的目标包括：1）研究烟草使用的微观背景，以及它们如何因产品和个体差异而变化（例如，人口统计学，烟草史，依赖性），以便更好地了解电子烟的功能价值; 2）检查烟草产品的实时戒断，渴望和满意度以及这些如何影响烟草使用的过渡; 3）检查近端烟草线索如何与烟草使用经验，背景和使用模式相关。我们对使用电子烟的实时反应进行了深入研究，直接解决了FDA感兴趣的问题。

 DESCRIPTION (Provided by Applicant): Tobacco use behavior is complex and changing, with electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) increasing in use. In the face of these changes, we need to know more about the behavioral phenomenon of e-cigarette use and its association with other factors, such as continued combustible tobacco use (conventional cigarettes), nicotine dependence, or changes in patterns of tobacco product use, including reductions or cessation of conventional cigarettes and uptake of e-cigarettes. Understanding e-cigarettes, "as they are actually used," will help guide the FDA in their regulatory decisions. This project will use Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMA) to gather real-time reports of dual product (both conventional and e-cigarette) users' daily experiences and tobacco use to examine how the immediate context of tobacco use, along with the individual's subjective reactions to those experiences, varies by product and individual characteristics, and influences future patterns of conventional and e-cigarette use. We address several FDA research priorities: 1) the diversity of tobacco use behavior and associated attitudes, perceptions, and subjective experiences; 2) how subjective experiences associated with the use of diverse tobacco products are associated with tobacco dependence and changes in dependence; and 3) how awareness of e-cigarette messages is associated with expectancies and experiences surrounding e-cigarette use. We will recruit 450 adult cigarette smokers who also use or who are at "high risk" for using e-cigarettes and conduct two longitudinal waves of EMA. Our aims include: 1) examining the micro-contexts of tobacco use and how they vary by product and individual differences (e.g., demographics, tobacco history, dependence) in order to understand better the functional value of e-cigarettes; 2) examining real-time withdrawal, cravings, and satisfaction with tobacco products and how these affect transitions in tobacco use; and 3) examining how proximal tobacco cues relate to tobacco use experiences, contexts, and patterns of use. Our in-depth examination of the real-time reactions to the use of e-cigarettes directly addresses FDA questions of interest.