PILATUS3 X 1M X-ray detector

PILATUS3 X 1M X射线探测器

• 批准号: 9074860
• 负责人: William I Weis
• 金额: $ 55.01万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-01 至 2018-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9074860
• 关键词: Biological; Biomedical Research; Catalysis; Communities; Complex; Coupled; Cryoelectron Microscopy; Crystallography; Data; Funding; Growth; Health; Human; International; Measurement; Methods; Molecular Sieve Chromatography; Mutation; Noise; Optics; Photons; Proteins; Reading; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Roentgen Rays; Signal Transduction; Silicon; Source; Structure; System; Technology; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; data acquisition; detector; drug development; improved; macromolecular assembly; macromolecule; protein protein interaction; research study; structural biology; synchrotron radiation; time use; tool

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Biological small angle x-ray scattering and diffraction (SAXS) provides structural and dynamic information from solutions or partially ordered arrays of biomolecules in physiologically relevant conditions, albeit at lower resolution (~7-10 Å or higher compared to that obtainable from crystallography or cryo-electron microscopy. SAXS is not only a powerful tool to study structures of large macromolecular assemblies in solution, but can also be used for time-resolved studies to investigate large conformational changes that occur during enzymatic catalysis, protein- protein interactions, and folding of macromolecules. Such studies are critical for biomedical research, as they provide basic mechanistic information that can be used to understand the effects of deleterious mutations, and can thereby inform drug development that ultimately impacts human health. The application of SAXS methods to problems in structural biology has seen tremendous growth in recent years, reflecting the need within the research community for experimental methods that can give structural and dynamic information on large multi-domain complexes. The explosive growth of SAXS has largely been enabled by technical advances that include high- brightness, low divergence X-ray sources, advances in X-ray optics, and X-ray detectors. As protein solutions scatter X-rays quite weakly, improved X-ray detectors are a critical enabling technology. The silicon pixel array X-ray detectors are ideally suited for SAXS, due to their zero read noise and photon counting technology, which open up new possibilities for SAXS applications in structural biology. This application is a request for a complete detector system for small angle X-ray scattering, consisting of a PILATUS3 X 1M Pixel Array Detector (PAD) manufactured by Dectris, Inc., and associated control, data acquisition, data handling and storage computing hardware. This system will be installed on beam line 4-2 (BL4-2) at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL). The PILATUS3 1M PAD offers many advantages over the presently available detectors installed at the beam line including superior signal-to-noise, increased maximum frame rate, and larger dynamic range. The detector is well suited for size-exclusion chromatography coupled SAXS experiments, time-resolved, and high-throughput static SAXS measurements that will be needed to drive the forefront of BL4-2 research in structural biology on challenging biomedically important systems. It will maintain international competitiveness for NIH funded researchers.

 描述（由申请人提供）：生物小角X射线散射和衍射（SAXS）提供了生理相关条件下生物分子溶液或部分有序阵列的结构和动力学信息，尽管分辨率较低（约7-10 nm或更高），但与晶体学或冷冻电子显微镜相比。SAXS不仅是研究溶液中大分子组装体结构的有力工具，而且还可以用于时间分辨研究，以研究酶催化、蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用和大分子折叠过程中发生的大构象变化。这些研究对生物医学研究至关重要，因为它们提供了基本的机制信息，可用于了解有害突变的影响，从而为最终影响人类健康的药物开发提供信息。近年来，SAXS方法在结构生物学问题中的应用出现了巨大的增长，反映了研究界对实验方法的需求，这些方法可以提供大型多域复合物的结构和动态信息。SAXS的爆炸性增长在很大程度上是由包括高亮度、低发散X射线源、X射线光学器件和X射线检测器的进步的技术进步实现的。由于蛋白质溶液对X射线的散射非常弱，因此改进的X射线探测器是一项关键的使能技术。硅像素阵列X射线探测器非常适合SAXS，因为其零读取噪声和光子计数技术为SAXS在结构生物学中的应用开辟了新的可能性。本申请是对用于小角度X射线散射的完整探测器系统的请求，该系统由Dectris，Inc.制造的PILATUS 3 X 1 M像素阵列探测器（PAD）组成，以及相关的控制、数据采集、数据处理和存储计算硬件。该系统将安装在斯坦福大学同步辐射光源（SSRL）的光束线4-2（BL 4 -2）上。PILATUS 3 1 M PAD与目前安装在光束线上的探测器相比具有许多优点，包括上级信噪比、更高的最大帧速率和更大的动态范围。该检测器非常适合尺寸排阻色谱耦合SAXS实验，时间分辨和高通量静态SAXS测量，这些测量将需要推动BL 4 -2结构生物学研究的前沿，对具有挑战性的生物医学重要系统。它将保持NIH资助研究人员的国际竞争力。