Phase 3B of a 3-phase 1.3-GHz LTS/HTS NMR magnet

标题：三相 1.3 GHz LTS/HTS NMR 磁体的修改后的 Phase 3B 应用编号：GM114834-11A1 PI：Yukikazu Iwasa，Francis Bitter Magnet 实验室，等离子体科学与融合 麻省理工学院中心，剑桥马萨诸塞州 日期：2015年8月10日 新摘要信息 从 NMR 最简单的角度来看，更高场强的优点是提高灵敏度和 分辨率。光谱学基本上包括测量频率和振幅。分辨率 给出频率信息。灵敏度提供幅度信息。单位时间内的灵敏度 在信号平均实验中，3D 实验的分辨率随着 ω3 的提高而提高。于是，往上走 在频率上，例如，从 800 MHz 到 1.3 GHz，灵敏度和分辨率按比例增加 系数 4.3。在溶液 NMR 中，大多数蛋白质溶液 NMR 实验利用 TROSY 效应 优化实验的分辨率。最初预测 TROSY 实验 在 ~900 MHz 时最佳。然而，最近的实验数据和模拟 一些蛋白质表明分辨率在 1200—1400 MHz 范围内进行了优化（视频 下文）。在魔角旋转 (MAS) 固态 NMR 中，磁场越高越好。 许多前沿的结构生物学问题，如核糖体蛋白质合成、病毒进入 进入细胞、与人类疾病有关的离子通道将可用于固态核磁共振 在更高的磁场中进行研究。这个修改后的 3B 阶段计划有两个具体目标： 目标 1) 成功完成包含 3 个嵌套的 800 MHz (18.79 T) HTS 插入 (H800) 用 GdBCO 胶带缠绕的 DP 线圈堆栈，以及 500 MHz (11.74 T) LTS NMR FBML 上提供的磁铁 (L500) 将产生 30.53 T 的磁场（1.3 GHz 1H 频率）； 目标 2) 从 3A 阶段继续开发创新的场匀场技术 完成此修改后的第 3B 阶段程序后，将 30.53-T L500/H800 磁体转换为 高分辨率 1.3 GHz NMR 磁体 (1.3G)，能够产生 1 Hz 线宽。这些新 场匀场技术对于依赖 HTS 插入件的 NMR 磁体至关重要。达到 目标 1 以最高效、最实惠的方式，我们应用创新的设计理念 构建高温超导双扁平 (DP) 线圈：无绝缘绕线技术和内切口 DP 线圈。这两种新的匀场技术将作为目标 2 继续开发 修改后的第 3B 阶段计划是持续模式高温超导垫片和“振动场”磁体。之上 我们的1.3G顺利完成，它将安装在麻省理工-哈佛大学磁学中心 FBML 的共振。我们相信我们的1.3G将成为高场核磁共振和 将在未来几十年内为美国整个 NMR 社区提供服务，并在全球范围内拥有 对医学科学的影响。 修改后的具体目标 成功完成包含 3 个嵌套的 800 MHz (18.79 T) HTS 插入 (H800) 用 GdBCO 胶带缠绕的 DP 线圈堆栈是此修改后的 3B 阶段的具体目标之一 程序。 H800 将与 500 MHz (11.74 T) LTS NMR 磁体 (L500) 结合使用 目前可在 FBML 上获取。在这个修改后的 3B 阶段计划中，我们还将继续 新的场匀场技术的开发从第 3A 阶段开始。完成此操作后 修改后的Phase 3B程序，我们将匀场技术应用到H800上，从而 将所得 30.53-T LTS/HTS 磁体转换为高分辨率 1.3-GHz NMR 磁体 （1.3G）。 1.3 GHz 磁体的主要优点是更高的分辨率和灵敏度。这使得 对复杂分子系统（例如蛋白质和核酸）的检查 更短的时间，或者更少的材料。 这个修改后的 3B 阶段计划有两个具体目标：1）成功完成 H800， 与L500一起将产生30.53 T的场和1.3 GHz的1H频率； 2） 现场匀场技术的开发从第 3A 阶段开始，在完成后进行转换 在该修改后的第 3B 阶段计划中，30.53-T L500/H800 磁体达到高分辨率 1.3 GHz NMR 磁体 (1.3G) 能够产生 1 Hz 线宽。这些新的场匀场技术 对于依赖 HTS 带状导体的 NMR 磁体来说至关重要。正如 3 中进一步讨论的。 研究与战略，为了以最有效、最实惠的方式实现目标 1，我们 应用创新设计理念构建HTS DP线圈：无绝缘绕线技术和 内槽口 DP 线圈。为了确保实现目标 2 的最大可能性，我们有 在第 3A 阶段启动，并继续在这个修改后的第 3B 阶段计划中，开发两个 创新的场匀场技术：持续模式高温超导匀场剂和“振动场”磁铁。作为 也在 3. 研究与策略中讨论，L500/H800 组合要少得多 比 <4.2-K 运行的 900-MHz LTS 磁体 (L900) 和 400-MHz 的组合昂贵 MHz HTS 插件 (H400)——当 HTS 插件成为标准时，这将成为现实 >1-GHz 核磁共振磁体。此外，由于 >1GHz LTS/HTS 磁体的占地面积 本质上是由 LTS 组件决定的，从空间角度来看，我们的 L500/H800 组合是 比 L900/H400 组合更高效，当然也更理想。 修改的

Title: Modified Phase 3B of a 3-phase 1.3-GHz LTS/HTS NMR magnet Application #: GM114834-11A1 PI: Yukikazu Iwasa, Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA Date: August 10, 2015 New Abstract Information In the simplest view of NMR, the advantages of higher field are improved sensitivity and resolution. Spectroscopy basically consists of measuring frequencies and amplitudes. Resolution gives frequency information. Sensitivity gives amplitude information. Both sensitivity per unit time in signal averaging experiments and resolution for 3D experiments improve as ω3. Thus, going up in frequency, for example, from 800 MHz to 1.3 GHz, sensitivity and resolution scale up by a factor of 4.3. In solution NMR most protein solution NMR experiments utilize the TROSY effect to optimize the resolution of the experiments. Initially it was predicted that TROSY experiments would be optimal at ~900 MHz. However, more recent experimental data and simulations on several proteins indicate that the resolution is optimized in the range 1200—1400 MHz (vide infra). In magic-angle-spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR, the higher the field the more optimal. Many cutting-edge structural biology questions such as ribosomal protein synthesis, virus entry into cells, ion channels implicated in human diseases, will become accessible to solid-state NMR investigation at higher magnetic fields. This modified Phase 3B program has two specific aims: Aim 1) successful completion of an 800-MHz (18.79 T) HTS insert (H800) comprising 3 nested stacks of DP coils wound with GdBCO tape, that together with a 500-MHz (11.74 T) LTS NMR magnet (L500) available at the FBML, will generate a field of 30.53 T (1.3 GHz 1H frequency); Aim 2) development, continued from Phase 3A, of innovative field-shimming techniques to convert, after completion of this modified Phase 3B program, the 30.53-T L500/H800 magnet to a high-resolution 1.3 GHz NMR magnet (1.3G) capable of producing 1-Hz linewidths. These new field-shimming techniques are essential for NMR magnets that rely on an HTS insert. To achieve Aim 1 in the most efficient, and affordable, manner, we are applying innovative design concepts to build HTS double-pancake (DP) coils: no-insulation winding technique and inside-notch DP coils. The two new shimming techniques, development of which will be continued as Aim 2 in this modified Phase 3B program are persistent-mode HTS shims and “shaking-field” magnet. Upon successful completion of our 1.3G, it will be installed in the MIT-Harvard Center for Magnetic Resonance at the FBML. We believe that our 1.3G will become a vital force in high-field NMR and will serve the entire NMR community in the U.S. for decades to come and have a worldwide impact on medical sciences. Modified Specific Aims The successful completion of an 800-MHz (18.79 T) HTS insert (H800) comprising 3 nested stacks of DP coils wound with GdBCO tape, is one of the Specific Aims of this modified Phase 3B program. The H800 will be combined with a 500-MHz (11.74 T) LTS NMR magnet (L500) presently available at the FBML. In this modified Phase 3B program we will also continue development, initiated in Phase 3A, of new field shimming techniques. After completion of this modified Phase 3B program, we will apply the shimming techniques to the H800, thereby converting the resultant 30.53-T LTS/HTS magnet to a high-resolution 1.3-GHz NMR magnet (1.3G). The key benefits of a 1.3-GHz magnet are higher resolution and sensitivity. This enables the examination of complex molecular systems such as proteins and nucleic acids in a much shorter time, or with smaller quantities of material. This modified Phase 3B program has two specific aims: 1) successful completion of H800, that together with L500 will generate a field of 30.53 T and a 1H frequency of 1.3 GHz; 2) development, continued from Phase 3A, of field-shimming techniques to convert, after completion of this modified Phase 3B program, the 30.53-T L500/H800 magnet to a high-resolution 1.3 GHz NMR magnet (1.3G) capable of producing 1-Hz linewidths. These new field shimming techniques are essential for NMR magnets that rely on HTS tape conductor. As discussed further in 3. Research & Strategy, to achieve Aim 1 in the most efficient, and affordable manner, we are applying innovative design concepts to build HTS DP coils: no-insulation winding technique and inside-notch DP coils. To ensure the highest possible probability to achieve Aim 2 we have initiated in Phase 3A, and to continue in this modified Phase 3B program, development of two innovative field shimming techniques: persistent-mode HTS shims and “shaking-field” magnet. As also discussed in 3. Research & Strategy, an L500/H800 combination is considerably less expensive than a combination of a <4.2-K operated 900-MHz LTS magnet (L900) and a 400- MHz HTS insert (H400)—this will become a reality when the HTS insert becomes standard for a >1-GHz NMR magnet. Moreover, because the footprint of a >1-GHz LTS/HTS magnet is essentially determined by that of the LTS component, space-wise our L500/H800 combination is more efficient, and certainly desirable, than an L900/H400 combination. Modified