Food Choices in Overweight & Normal Weight Adolescents - Sleep & Circadian Rhythm

超重的食物选择

• 批准号: 8791899
• 负责人: Mary A Carskadon
• 金额: $ 50.22万
• 依托单位: EMMA PENDLETON BRADLEY HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-01-16 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8791899
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adult; Advertisements; Affect; Age; Americas; Arousal; Behavioral; Biological; Biology; Body Patterning; Body Weight decreased; Calories; Cardiovascular Diseases; Child; Circadian Rhythms; Comorbidity; Complex; Data; Desire for food; Diet; Distress; Eating; Energy Intake; Epidemiologic Studies; Exposure to; Fasting; Feeling; Female Adolescents; Food; Genetic; Glucose; Growth; Health; Home environment; Hormones; Human; Hunger; Hydrocortisone; Insulin; Length; Leptin; Life; Light; Link; Measures; Medical; Melatonin; Mental Health; Metabolic Diseases; Modeling; Monitor; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Overweight; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Perception; Phase; Physical activity; Physiology; Play; Polysomnography; Positioning Attribute; Psychophysiology; Public Health; Quality of life; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Salivary; Satiation; Schedule; Sex Characteristics; Sleep; Slow-Wave Sleep; Smell Perception; Socioeconomic Status; Systems Biology; Taste Perception; Teenagers; Testing; Time; Wakefulness; Weight; Weight Gain; Woman; alertness; attentional bias; awake; base; boys; distraction; experience; food consumption; ghrelin; girls; glucose tolerance; high risk; insulin sensitivity; interest; medical complication; physical conditioning; prevent; psychosocial; research study; response; suicidal risk; vigilance; weight loss intervention; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Adolescent obesity is a major public health issue for America: 34% of US adolescents ages 12-19 years are overweight or obese. The impacts of obesity on teenagers are found in many psychosocial and medical comorbidities; overweight and obese adolescents are also at high risk of becoming obese adults with lifelong associated risks. We propose a unique project to examine fundamental aspects of circadian and sleep biology, chemosensory perception, and psychophysiology that can influence food choices and food consumption and may differ between obese/overweight (OW) and normal weight (NW) adolescents. Healthy OW and NW boys and girls ages 12 to 15.9 years will live at home on a strict sleep/wake schedule for 2 weeks and then enter the lab for 11 consecutive days. Sleep/wake during the in-lab session are scheduled on a 28-h day, followed by a 32-h extended waking episode and a 4-h sleep. In-lab assessments include measures of sleep (polysomnography), chemosensitivity (taste and smell), arousal (multiple sleep latency test), circadian time (salivary melatonin), vigilance, impulse control, attentional bias, distraction, satiety, and hunger. Fasting levels of leptin, ghrelin, glucose, insulin, and cortisol will be measured at 6 circadian phases and compared across weight groups. Food choices and food consumption will be monitored throughout as the principal dependent variables. Specific hypotheses are: (1) OW will have later baseline circadian phase (dim light melatonin onset-DLMO) and longer intrinsic circadian period than NW; (2) OW will have reduced slow wave sleep at baseline and in response to extended wakefulness; (3) OW will select higher calorie food and consume more calories at later circadian phases than NW; (4) OW will select higher calorie food and consume more calories than NW later in the waking day. The influence of other measures (e.g., chemosensitivity, arousal, impulse control, etc.) in weight-group differences will be explored with latent growth modeling. Descriptive analyses and exploration of sex differences will also be performed. Findings from this study may bring to light specific eating-related risks factors for OW teens, may provide targets and strategies for countermeasures to prevent or ameliorate overweight and obesity in adolescents and the distress that ensues and may suggest ways to enhance weight loss interventions.

描述（由申请人提供）：青少年肥胖是美国的主要公共卫生问题：34％的12-19岁的美国青少年超重或肥胖。在许多社会心理和医学合并症中都发现了肥胖对青少年的影响；超重和肥胖的青少年也有高风险成为肥胖的成年人，终生有相关的风险。我们提出了一个独特的项目，旨在检查昼夜节律和睡眠生物学，化学感知感和心理生理学的基本方面，该项目可能会影响食物选择和食物的消费，并且在肥胖/超重（OW）和正常体重（NW）青少年之间可能有所不同。健康的OW和NW 12至15.9岁的男孩和女孩将在家里居住2周，然后连续11天进入实验室。在LAB室期间的睡眠/唤醒时间安排在28小时的时间内，然后是32小时的醒来插曲和4小时的睡眠。 LAB内评估包括睡眠量度（多摄影术），化学敏感性（口味和气味），唤醒（多重睡眠潜伏期测试），昼夜节律时间（唾液褪黑激素），警惕，冲动控制，注意力控制，注意力偏见，分心，饱腹感和饥饿。瘦素，葡萄糖，葡萄糖，胰岛素和皮质醇的禁食水平将在6个昼夜节相中测量，并在体重组之间进行比较。食物选择和食物消费将在整个主要因素变量中进行监测。特定的假设是：（1）OW将具有以后的基线昼夜节相（昏暗的淡化褪黑激素发作-DLMO），而内在的昼夜节则比NW更长； （2）OW在基线时会减少慢波睡眠，并响应延长的清醒； （3）OW将选择更高的卡路里食物，并在后来的昼夜节阶段消耗更多的卡路里； （4）OW将选择更高的卡路里食物，并在醒来的日晚些时候使用NW的卡路里更多。将通过潜在的生长模型探索其他度量（例如化学敏感性，唤醒，冲动控制等）的影响。还将进行描述性分析和性别差异的探索。这项研究的结果可能会导致OW青少年的特定特定饮食相关风险因素，可能为预防或改善青少年的超重和肥胖的对策提供目标和策略，以及随之而来的困扰，并可能提出增加减肥干预措施的方法。