Effect of Waterpipe Tobacco Ingredients on Human Puffing, Exposures and Appeal

项目摘要 水烟（WP）吸烟已经超过了卷烟吸烟，现在可以与电子烟竞争， 在美国年轻人中最受欢迎的烟草产品类别。这可能是由于甜， 水果和糖果味的烟草，使吸入烟草烟雾更有吸引力。目前尚不清楚是什么 在增加吸引力方面最重要的是：吸烟者对甜味或风味或两者的感知。WP 烟草因其添加剂的数量和特性以及吸烟的方式而独特。的 调味剂和高含量的甜味保湿剂在食品中产生有害和潜在有害的成分， 吸烟，并被认为有助于用户经历的直接和间接伤害。来定义 可湿性粉剂烟草中特定化学成分对使用者甜感和喜爱度的影响 必须使用仅在感兴趣的变量上不同的变量。没有一套商业上可用的烟草 品牌，这是真的，因此，我们建议操纵商业产品，以适当地隔离 重要变量。关于可湿性粉剂烟草添加剂的影响，目前存在数据缺口，即， 甜味保湿剂和调味剂，对WP吸烟的成瘾性，毒性，风味感知和吸引力。 这项研究采用了交叉人体试验，一种经过操作的可湿性粉剂烟草产品，一种经过验证的研究， 等级水管和尖端的分析化学和心理社会仪器， 研究甜味保湿剂浓度和调味剂对吸引力、膨化行为和 可湿性粉剂烟草吸烟的毒性。拟议研究的目的是获取可靠的科学数据， 制定可能的监管行动，如识别和建立循证产品 标准，或WP烟草中添加剂的最大阈值，不得超过，以便 产品将在美国销售和分销。本研究将通过以下方式解决RFA-OD-15-005问题3和4： 量化可湿性粉剂烟草添加剂，如湿润剂和香料，对人体膨化的影响 研究人员正在研究主流可湿性粉剂烟草烟雾中的行为和HPHC水平，以解决这些重要的数据缺口。

Project Summary Waterpipe (WP) tobacco smoking has surpassed cigarette smoking and now rivals the electronic cigarette as the most popular tobacco product class in the US among youth. This may be due to the availability of sweet, fruit- and candy-flavored tobaccos that make inhaling tobacco smoke more appealing. It is not clear what is most important in terms of increasing appeal: the smoker's perception of sweetness, or flavor, or both. WP tobacco is unique because of the amounts and identities of its additives and the way that it is smoked. The flavorings and high levels of sweet humectants produce harmful and potentially harmful constituents in the smoke, and are thought to contribute to the direct and indirect harm experienced by users. To define the effects of specific chemical content with respect to sweet perception and likability among users, WP tobacco that differs only in the variables of interest must be used. There is no set of commercially available tobacco brands for which this is true, and thus we propose to manipulate commercial products to properly isolate the important variables. There is an existing data gap surrounding the influence of WP tobacco additives, i.e., sweet humectants and flavorings, on the addictiveness, toxicity, flavor perceptions and appeal of WP smoking. The proposed study uses a crossover human trial, a manipulated WP tobacco prodcut, a validated research grade waterpipe and cutting edge analytical chemistry and psychosocial instruments to systematically investigate the effects of sweet humectant concentration and flavorings on the appeal, puffing behavior, and toxicity of WP tobacco smoking. The purpose of the proposed study is to acquire sound scientific data to inform the development of possible regulatory actions such as identifying and establishing evidenced-based product standards, or maximum thresholds of additives in WP tobacco that must not be exceeded in order for the product to be sold and distributed in the US. This study will address RFA-OD-15-005 questions 3 and 4 by quantifying the impact of WP tobacco additives, such as humectants and flavorants, on human puffing behaviors and HPHC levels in mainstream WP tobacco smoke to address these important data gaps.