UPPER AIRWAY FUNCTION IN HEALTH AND DISEASE

健康和疾病中的上呼吸道功能

• 批准号: nhmrc : 105713
• 负责人: A/Pr Terence Amis
• 金额: $ 23.69万
• 依托单位国家: 澳大利亚
• 项目类别: NHMRC Project Grants
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 澳大利亚
• 起止时间: 2001-01-01 至 2002-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://researchdata.edu.au/upper-airway-function-health-disease/98353
• 关键词: UPPER; AIRWAY; FUNCTION; HEALTH; DISEASE

The Obstructive Sleep Apnoea syndrome (OSA) refers to a condition in which throat blockage occurs during sleep leading to breathing difficulties, including cessation of breathing for short periods of time. OSA is amongst the commonest chronic disorders of adult males, occurring in 5% of men over the age of 45 years. We will examine how muscles in the throat act to keep the airway open. We will also study how tongue and jaw position influences throat blockage. The throat is lined with fluid which may become dry and sticky if, for example, breathing takes place via the mouth rather than the nose. We will study the effects of this throat lining fluid and examine ways in which treatments might help to avoid throat blockage during sleep by keeping the throat lined with non-sticky fluid. These studies will increase our understanding of OSA and help to design better treatments for the condition. People who have OSA also may develop high blood pressure associated with the nervous system response to breathing difficulties during sleep over a long period of time. In the same way as is used in the lie detector test, we will use measurements of the electrical conductivity of the skin to assess this nervous system response during sleep. These studies will help to understand how hypertension develops in OSA and who is likely to be affected. Asthma is a major health problem in Australia affecting around 20% of children and 12% of adults. Asthmatics react to inhaled pollens etc. The nose normally acts as a filter to remove many such particles from the inhaled air. If breathing takes place via the mouth more and larger particles can gain access to the lungs. We will investigate whether asthmatics breathe through their nose only or breathe through the mouth more than normal (particularly during sleep), if treatments can alter this and whether such treatments reduce the occurence of asthma attacks.

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSA）是指在睡眠期间发生喉咙堵塞导致呼吸困难的情况，包括短时间内呼吸停止。OSA是成年男性最常见的慢性疾病之一，在45岁以上的男性中发生率为5%。我们将检查喉部的肌肉是如何保持呼吸道畅通的。我们还将研究舌头和下巴的位置如何影响喉咙堵塞。喉咙里充满了液体，如果通过嘴而不是鼻子呼吸，这些液体可能会变得干燥和粘稠。我们将研究这种喉咙衬里液体的影响，并检查治疗方法可能有助于避免在睡眠期间通过保持喉咙衬里非粘性液体堵塞喉咙。这些研究将增加我们对OSA的了解，并有助于设计更好的治疗方法。患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合症的人也可能会患上高血压，这与神经系统在长时间睡眠期间对呼吸困难的反应有关。与测谎仪测试中使用的方法相同，我们将使用皮肤电导率的测量来评估睡眠期间的神经系统反应。这些研究将有助于了解阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合症患者的高血压如何发展以及谁可能受到影响。哮喘是澳大利亚的一个主要健康问题，影响着大约20%的儿童和12%的成年人。哮喘患者对吸入的花粉等作出反应。鼻子通常起过滤器的作用，从吸入的空气中清除许多此类颗粒。如果呼吸通过嘴进行，更多更大的颗粒可以进入肺部。我们将调查哮喘患者是否只通过鼻子呼吸或比正常情况下更多地通过嘴呼吸（特别是在睡眠期间），如果治疗可以改变这一点，以及这种治疗是否可以减少哮喘发作的发生。