Wide-area information based control and optimization of stressed and smarter power systems

在市场驱动的环境中，在更广泛的地理区域中存在不可预期的负载流模式，网络运营商不能依赖于具有简化模型和静态确定性性能标准的旧的中央规划方法。相反，他们转向基于广域信息的方法，以评估和管理一个日益复杂的系统的动态性能，而不会过度保守。优化大容量电力系统的动态性能是一项要求很高的任务，它要求：(1)准确识别系统部件的稳定模型；(2)通过预测仿真和安全边界实时监测进行性能评估；(3)利用本地设备和超伸特殊保护系统的协调层次进行性能控制。我们的研究涉及所有这些领域，目的是促进更智能的电网的出现，使其更接近其极限，以满足我们对可靠性敏感的数字社会，同时整合新形式的可持续能源（如风力发电场），而不需要对新的输电设施进行大规模的非生态投资。提出的三个研究路径是通过使用分析概念和实际广域测量来提高系统性能的广泛目标联系在一起的：1)基于包含发电机动态（转子转速/角度）的增强型相量测量单元（PMU）的在线识别/监测技术；2)广域控制方案，包括利用遥感和驱动的全局稳定控制，基于智能系统的稳定控制，能够自适应调整应急保护到更精确的值，与能源管理系统互通的广域和基于agent的防御方案，以安全实现更接近极限的运行。3)基于智能系统和广域测量的在线动态安全与脆弱性评估（DSVA）框架，可以有效响应市场活动和间歇性发电引起的快速变化的条件和压力操作。

In a market-driven environment with unanticipated load flow patterns over wider geographic areas, network operators cannot rely on the old central planning approach with simplified model and static deterministic performance criteria. Instead, they turn to a wide-area information based approach, for assessing and managing the dynamic performance of an increasingly complex system without undue conservativeness. Optimizing the dynamic performance of bulk power systems is a demanding task, which requires (1) identification of accurate stability models of the system components; (2) performance assessment by predictive simulation and real-time monitoring of security boundaries; and (3) performance control using a coordinated hierarchy of local devices and overreaching special protection systems. Our research touches on all these areas with the aim of contributing to the emergence of smarter power grids operated closer to their limits to satisfy our reliability-sensitive digital society, while integrating new forms of sustainable energy (such as wind farms) without expansive non-ecological investments in new transmission facilities. The three proposed research paths are tied together by the broad goal of improving system performance using analytical concepts together with actual wide-area measurements: 1)On-line identification/monitoring techniques based on enhanced Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) incorporating generator dynamic state (rotor speed/angle); 2)Wide-area control schemes including, global stabilizing control using remote sensing and actuation, intelligent systems based stability controls able to adaptively adjust emergency protection to more accurate values, wide-area and agent-based defense plans intercommunicating with the energy management system to safely achieve a closer to limits operation. 3)On-line Dynamic Security and Venerability Assessment (DSVA) frameworks based on intelligent systems and wide-area measurements, that can respond effectively to fast changing conditions and stressing operations induced by market activity and intermittent generation.