Aspects geometric and random frustration in magnetic

当一个系统不能通过最小化每对相互作用的自由度的能量来最小化其总能量时，凝聚态物理学中的挫折就会出现。在凝聚态物理中，均匀阻挫系统和随机阻挫系统都是普遍存在的。例子从磁性和超导系统，到生物膜和蛋白质。几何挫折纯粹是由所考虑的系统所施加的几何约束引起的。随机挫折源于冻结（淬火）的随机无序，这种无序总是存在于任何真实的材料中，并产生随机竞争或“随机挫折”的相互作用。由于几何和随机挫折是如此普遍，重要的是要了解他们的影响，在理论上的基础上，在真实的材料。这是本研究提案的重点。例如，本研究计划要解决的问题包括：

Frustration in condensed matter physics arises when a system cannot minimize its total energy by minimizing the energy of each pair of interacting degrees of freedom independently from each other. Both uniformly and random frustrated systems are ubiquitous in condensed matter physics. Examples range from magnetic and superconducting system, to biological membranes and proteins. Geometric frustration arises purely from geometrical constraints imposed by the system considered. Random frustration results from the frozen-in (quenched) random disorder that is always present in any real material, and which create randomly competing or "randomly frustrating" interactions. Because geometric and random frustration is so common, it is important to understand on a theoretical footing their effects in real materials. This is the focus of this research proposal. For example, problems to be tackled in this research program include: