Nanostructured high performance metal matrix composites for high temperature, load, wear and corrosion applications

适用于高温、负载、磨损和腐蚀应用的纳米结构高性能金属基复合材料

• 批准号: 341890-2007
• 负责人: Nganbe, Michel
• 金额: $ 1.42万
• 依托单位: University of Ottawa
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=482344
• 关键词: Nanostructured; performance; metal; matrix; composites

The potential of nanostructured ceramic-metal composites to possess higher resistance to temperature, load, wear and corrosion compared to conventional composites has been proven in the past years. However, these materials could not succeed technologically because of the coarsening and dissolution of nano-particles during thermal processes and elevated cost. The proposed research program therefore aims at developing high performance and low cost composite materials and coatings based on nanotechnology and dispersion strengthening. Powders with thermally stable ceramic nano-particles in a relatively low melting metal matrix will be developed. This combination, together with relatively low processing temperatures, will insure minimisation or even elimination of nano-particle coarsening and dissolution. High energy Mechanical Alloying (MA) will be used. MA crushes conventional micro-size ceramic powders down to nano-size and forces them simultaneously into the metal matrix at a low temperature. One fraction of the produced powders will be used to develop coatings by HVOF thermal spraying. During HVOF spraying, combustion of oxygen and fuel enables heating and projecting semi-molten powder particles onto the substrate surface to create a coating. The other powder fraction will be used to develop composite materials and components by powder metallurgy, which consists of compacting and sintering. The emphasis for composites with ceramic fractions below 2% b.w. (by weight) will be the strengthening of aluminium, silver, copper, chromium and their alloys for applications requiring electrical conductivity and resistance to high temperature. Potential applications include interconnects for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) as well as medium and high voltage contacts and switches. Composites with ceramic fractions above 50% b.w. will target components subjected to strong wear. Potential applications are seals and valves for oil pumps, as well as components for gas turbines and reactors. Canada will benefit from the higher performance of components and from the reduction of wear and failure damage, downtime and maintenance costs of machines and equipment, especially for key energy industries.

与常规复合材料相比，与常规复合材料相比，纳米结构的陶瓷金属复合材料具有更高的温度，负载，磨损和腐蚀性的潜力。但是，由于在热过程中纳米粒子的粗糙和溶解和升高的成本，这些材料无法在技术上取得成功。因此，拟议的研究计划旨在根据纳米技术和分散增强开发高性能和低成本的复合材料和涂料。将开发具有相对较低熔化金属基质中的热稳定陶瓷纳米颗粒的粉末。这种组合以及相对较低的加工温度将确保最小化甚至消除纳米粒子的变形和溶解。将使用高能机械合金（MA）。 MA将常规的微型陶瓷粉末粉碎至纳米大小，并在低温下同时迫使它们同时进入金属基质。生产粉末的一小部分将用于通过HVOF热喷涂来开发涂料。在HVOF喷涂期间，氧气和燃料的燃烧可以使加热和将半摩尔替粉颗粒投射到底物表面上以产生涂层。另一个粉末分数将用于通过粉末冶金制定复合材料和成分，该粉末由压实和烧结组成。陶瓷分数低于2％B.W.的复合材料的重点（按重量）将加强铝，银，铜，铬及其合金，以用于需要电导率和对高温抗性的应用。潜在的应用包括固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）以及中和高压接触和开关的互连。 B.W. 50％以上的陶瓷分数的复合材料将靶向磨损强的组件。潜在的应用是油泵的密封和阀，以及燃气轮机和反应堆的组件。加拿大将受益于较高的组件性能，以及减少磨损和故障损坏，机器和设备的停机和维护成本，尤其是对于关键能源行业而言。