Spin-based quantum information processing in the solid-state

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

As classical information processing has shaped today's society, technology and economy through advances in computing and communication, harnessing quantum information will lead to fundamentally more powerful devices and even greater impacts. The power of quantum information lies in the mathematical structure of quantum mechanics, in which the non-classical concepts of superposition, entanglement and quantum parallelism arise. Not only are quantum algorithms such as Shor's factoring algorithm more powerful than their classical counterparts, quantum information processing (QIP) is the key to continuing to make computers smaller and faster. Since the classical world breaks down when we approach the atomic scale, today's computers will soon reach a fundamental barrier to further miniaturization. On the other hand, using quantum mechanics as a new paradigm for information processing bypasses this roadblock. Taking the ideas and concepts of quantum information theory and implementing them physically is crucial to the development of quantum technologies that will dominate in the 21st century.