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Brain plasticity: metabolic aspects

大脑可塑性：代谢方面

基本信息

批准号：
121327-2008
负责人：
Messier, Claude
金额：
$ 2.91万
依托单位：
University of Ottawa
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=497264
关键词：
Brain plasticity metabolic aspects

项目摘要

Brain plasticity involves a number of processes that reshape the neuronal networks to allow new pathways to be established or existing pathways to be remodeled. These processes require metabolic energy and the ubiquitous energy substrate for the brain is glucose. For a number of years, I have been studying glucose transporters that are involved in the facilitated transport of glucose into brain cells. I have recently found that the density of the GLUT1 glucose transporter increases in a number of brain regions following training in an operant bar-pressing task. So, there is some evidence that plastic changes of glucose transporters may provide the additional energy to allow the remodeling processes involving dendritic sprouting, synapse remodeling and spine development. Although the "classic" glucose transporters have been mapped (GLUT1-4), the newly discovered glucose transporters remain to be studied in the brain partly due to a lack of good antibodies suitable for immunohistochemistry. We will examine how brain activation produced by learning and memory processing can increase the number of these transporters in brain cells. Also, we will examine the role of glucose transporters in the reduction of glucose uptake in the brain during normal and pathological aging. This research program will address an important gap in our basic knowledge of brain metabolism that has been neglected in the past.

大脑可塑性涉及许多重塑神经元网络的过程，以允许建立新的通路或重塑现有通路。这些过程需要代谢能量，而大脑无处不在的能量底物是葡萄糖。多年来，我一直在研究葡萄糖转运蛋白，它参与了葡萄糖向脑细胞的易化转运。我最近发现，在操作性压杆任务的训练后，一些大脑区域的GLUT 1葡萄糖转运蛋白的密度增加。因此，有一些证据表明，葡萄糖转运蛋白的可塑性变化可能提供额外的能量，使重塑过程，包括树突发芽，突触重塑和脊柱发育。虽然“经典”葡萄糖转运蛋白已被绘制（GLUT 1 -4），但新发现的葡萄糖转运蛋白仍有待于在大脑中进行研究，部分原因是缺乏适合免疫组织化学的良好抗体。我们将研究学习和记忆过程中产生的大脑激活如何增加脑细胞中这些转运蛋白的数量。此外，我们将研究葡萄糖转运蛋白在正常和病理老化过程中大脑葡萄糖摄取减少中的作用。这项研究计划将解决我们在过去被忽视的大脑代谢的基础知识的重要差距。