Propagation and channel modelling for vehicular environments

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Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) are a suite of emerging technologies that will be used to make operation of land vehicles in urban centres or along transportation corridors safer and more efficient. Because much of the information that will be delivered and exchanged in ITS applications is time-sensitive and location-dependent, short-range vehicular networks that consist of wireless links between a vehicle and either roadside units or other vehicles in the immediate vicinity and that operate between 4.9 and 5.9 GHz have attracted particular interest in recent years. Anticipated applications of such networks include: (1) enhancing traffic safety by providing warnings and alerts in real time, (2) easing traffic congestion by adaptively changing traffic rules, (3) providing location-dependent information to drivers, (4) aiding traffic regulation enforcement, (5) enabling electronic payments and toll collection, (6) assisting in direction and route optimization, (7) providing information concerning services for travelers and (8) enabling automated highways. Because vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-roadside links involve both terminals and obstructions that are in motion, they experience relatively severe fading that is both time and frequency selective. In order to analyze, design and simulate short-range vehicular networks, designers and developers require channel models that capture the propagation impairments that degrade wireless signals in such environments. During the course of this project, we will contribute to the worldwide effort to measure and model short-range wireless channels in vehicular environments by: (1) developing usage models that describe both typical and extreme operating scenarios in such environments, (2) developing channel measurement equipment, also known as channel sounders, that are capable of characterizing time and frequency selective channels of the type encountered in such environments, and (3) capturing the results in the form of channel models useful to designers and developers.