Integrating genetic, developmental, and anatomical evolution

整合遗传、发育和解剖进化

• 批准号: 261796-2011
• 负责人: Larsson, Hans
• 金额: $ 3.93万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=525377
• 关键词: Integrating; genetic; developmental; anatomical; evolution

The central aim of this research is to discover how genes, development, and anatomy are integrated across large-scale evolutionary change. Two evolutionary events will be the focus of this research: the fish fin to amphibian limb and dinosaur arm to bird wing evolutionary transitions. These transitions are chosen because of their rich fossil record and the wealth of research on the developmental mechanics of fins the limbs. A series of complementary projects focused on skeletal anatomy and development are designed to achieve this goal through a student project-driven interdisciplinary research program. One set of projects will investigate details of the fossil and living anatomical record by amassing a complete set of qualitative and three dimensional quantitative data to assess the tempo and mode of skeletal evolution in the fins and limbs across these transitions. This work will determine the pace and timing of evolutionary change at these transitions. Another project will undertake a large gene sequencing project to identify what genes involved in fin and limb developmental patterning were evolving at each transition using current bioinformatics algorithms. Another project will investigate the developmental differences in early skeletal and other tissue developing in extant species bounding the two transitions to determine what developmental mechanisms may have been responsible for those evolutionary changes. Finally, the results will be integrated to determine how the evolving genes were associated with developmental changes to yield the large-scale skeletal evolution across these transitions. Significant genetic-anatomical associations will be tested in model chick embryos. This research will derive a comprehensive analysis of the interface between genetic and anatomical evolution. These results will have application to our understanding of how biological systems evolve and how developmental biology influences large scale evolutionary change.

这项研究的中心目标是发现基因、发育和解剖是如何在大规模进化变化中整合的。两个进化事件将是本研究的重点：鱼鳍到两栖动物肢体和恐龙手臂到鸟类翅膀的进化过渡。之所以选择这些过渡化石，是因为它们有丰富的化石记录，以及对肢体鳍发育机制的丰富研究。一系列专注于骨骼解剖和发育的补充项目旨在通过学生项目驱动的跨学科研究计划来实现这一目标。其中一组项目将通过收集一套完整的定性和三维定量数据来研究化石和活的解剖学记录的细节，以评估在这些转变过程中鳍和肢体的骨骼进化的节奏和模式。这项工作将决定在这些转变中进化变化的速度和时机。另一个项目将进行一个大型基因测序项目，以利用当前的生物信息学算法确定在每个过渡阶段与鳍和肢体发育模式相关的基因。另一个项目将调查两个转变的现存物种在早期骨骼和其他组织发育方面的发育差异，以确定哪些发育机制可能导致了这些进化变化。最后，结果将被整合，以确定进化的基因如何与发育变化相关联，从而在这些转变中产生大规模的骨骼进化。重大的遗传-解剖学关联将在模型鸡胚胎中进行测试。这项研究将对遗传进化和解剖进化之间的界面进行全面分析。这些结果将有助于我们理解生物系统是如何进化的，以及发育生物学如何影响大规模进化变化。