Cold controlled chemistry

冷控化学

• 批准号: 327529-2009
• 负责人: Krems, Roman
• 金额: $ 4.37万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=526998
• 关键词: Cold; controlled; chemistry

Recent technological breakthroughs in cryogenic cooling and trapping of molecular ensembles have created an entirely new field of ultracold physics. At unprecedentedly low temperatures, ultracold materials offer access to new states of matter, unachievable by any other means, and new possibilities to study a wide range of fundamental problems in natural sciences. This proposal aims to capitalize on these recent developments in low-temperature physics by establishing a research program to study ultracold chemistry. The proposed research will explore novel methods to create and thermally isolate molecules at temperatures near absolute zero (1 nanoKelvin - 1 Kelvin) and interaction properties of ultracold molecules in electric and magnetic field traps. We will develop theoretical and computational methods to study, for the first time, a wide range of novel phenomena such as the effects of electromagnetic fields on chemical reactivity of atoms and molecules with unpaired electrons, the role of tunable fine interactions in chemical reactions at low temperatures and chemical reactions accompanied by emission or adsorption of laser field photons. We will explore the effects of external space symmetry on chemical interactions of molecules confined in low dimensions by optical laser forces and the interaction properties of ultracold molecules arranged by laser fields in an ordered structure called optical lattice. We propose to design an optical lattice of molecules with collective rotational excitations coupled to laser field photons - a system that will provide new fundamental insights into dynamics of two- and many-body quantum systems and that may find applications in the study of nanoscale quantum optical devices. This work will open up a new research field of cold controlled chemistry and stimulate the development of novel experiments in physical chemistry, atomic, molecular and optical physics and quantum optics. Controlling chemical reactions with electromagnetic fields has long been a sought-after goal of researchers. Due to the rapid progress of the experimental work with molecules at subKelvin temperatures, the conditions are now ripe for the development of the research field of cold controlled chemistry.

最近在低温冷却和捕获分子系综方面的技术突破创造了一个全新的超冷物理学领域。在前所未有的低温下，超冷材料提供了获得任何其他手段都无法实现的新物质状态的途径，以及研究自然科学中广泛基础问题的新可能性。该提案旨在通过建立一个研究超冷化学的研究计划来利用低温物理学的这些最新发展。拟议的研究将探索在接近绝对零度（1纳开尔文- 1开尔文）的温度下创建和热隔离分子的新方法，以及超冷分子在电场和磁场陷阱中的相互作用特性。我们将开发理论和计算方法来研究，第一次，广泛的新现象，如电磁场对原子和分子与未成对电子的化学反应性的影响，可调精细相互作用在低温化学反应中的作用，以及伴随着激光场光子的发射或吸收的化学反应。我们将探讨外部空间对称性对被光激光力限制在低维中的分子的化学相互作用的影响，以及被激光场排列在称为光晶格的有序结构中的超冷分子的相互作用性质。我们建议设计一个光学晶格的分子与集体旋转激发耦合到激光场光子-一个系统，将提供新的基本见解的动力学的两个和多体量子系统，并可能会发现应用在纳米级量子光学器件的研究。这一工作将开辟冷控化学的新研究领域，促进物理化学、原子、分子和光学物理以及量子光学等新实验的发展。用电磁场控制化学反应一直是研究人员追求的目标。由于亚开尔文温度下分子实验工作的迅速发展，冷控化学研究领域的发展条件已经成熟。