Reach-scale morphodynamics of gravel bed streams

砾石床流的河段尺度形态动力学

• 批准号: 311924-2010
• 负责人: Eaton, Brett
• 金额: $ 1.24万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=548560
• 关键词: Reach; scale; morphodynamics; gravel; bed

My proposed research will investigate the processes and interactions between stream flow, bed erosion and vegetation growth that determine how gravel bed streams behave. In particular, my group will seek to understand which environmental changes can be absorbed by a stream channel, and which are likely to produce unstable and unpredictable channel behaviour. Ultimately, we are striving to develop a model that describes both the equilibrium state that streams are likely to adopt when environmental conditions are relatively constant, as well as the rate, nature and direction of the changes likely to occur in response to increasing urbanization and deforestation, as well as altered wildfire frequencies and hydrologic regimes resulting from climate change. Gaining an understanding of these dynamics is critical to the effective management of riverine ecosystems and risk assessment for human development, especially in the face of ongoing climate change and ever-increasing alterations to fluvial systems. We will continue to conduct field studies at Fishtrap Creek where we can observe the response of that stream channel to a severe wildfire in 2003, and we will initiate a series of experiments in a new hydraulic laboratory constructed at the University of British Columbia, called the Mountain Channel Hydraulics Experimental Laboratory (MCHEL). The experiments will allow us to model the response of a stream to disturbances of various magnitudes, which in turn will help us to refine our theoretical models for predicting channel behaviour. By establishing long-term field study sites like the one at Fishtrap Creek, conducting laboratory experiments on stream channel dynamics, and developing various numerical and theoretical models, we will further improve our ability to understand how streams respond to short term (decadal) and longer term (centuries or millennia) environmental changes.

我提议的研究将调查的过程和水流，河床侵蚀和植被生长之间的相互作用，决定如何砾石床流的行为。特别是，我的团队将寻求了解哪些环境变化可以被河流吸收，哪些可能会产生不稳定和不可预测的通道行为。最终，我们正在努力开发一个模型，该模型描述了当环境条件相对恒定时溪流可能采用的平衡状态，以及可能发生的变化的速率，性质和方向，以应对日益增加的城市化和森林砍伐，以及气候变化导致的野火频率和水文制度的改变。了解这些动态对于有效管理河流生态系统和进行人类发展风险评估至关重要，特别是在当前气候变化和河流系统日益变化的情况下。我们将继续在Fishtrap Creek进行实地研究，在那里我们可以观察到该河道对2003年严重野火的反应，我们将在不列颠哥伦比亚省大学建造的一个新的水力实验室中启动一系列实验，该实验室被称为山区河道水力实验室（MCHEL）。这些实验将使我们能够模拟流对各种大小的干扰的响应，这反过来将有助于我们改进预测信道行为的理论模型。通过建立长期的实地研究站点，如在Fishtrap Creek，进行实验室实验，对流通道动力学，并开发各种数值和理论模型，我们将进一步提高我们的能力，了解流如何响应短期（十年）和长期（世纪或千年）的环境变化。