Decoding Mental States with fMRI and EEG

用功能磁共振成像和脑电图解码心理状态

• 批准号: 418550-2012
• 负责人: Owen, Adrian
• 金额: $ 4.08万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=551478
• 关键词: Decoding; Mental; States; fMRI; EEG

How can we ever know what another person is thinking? The notion that we might one day be able to convey our thoughts, without recourse to speech or action, has pre-occupied scientists, and science fiction writers, for decades. Many so-called 'brain computer interfaces' or 'thought-translation devices' have been tried and tested, but are frequently limited by their speed, accuracy, ease of use and extensive training requirements. Recent advances in neuroscience have suggested a number of new psychological, technological and statistical approaches to this problem. In this project, we will use three quite different technologies to develop new types of systems that take full advantage of these novel approaches for decoding mental thoughts. Parallel systems will be built using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and optimised in terms of the types of mental strategies that participants will be taught to convey their thoughts and the mathematical methods that will be used to interpret them. We will also investigate how training may help participants to improve performance and which of these methods can be deployed in real time. This research has far-reaching implications for understanding how mental representations, or 'thoughts', are coded in the brain and how these relate to behaviour. The results will also find new applications in multiple fields, including many that seek to develop novel methods for brain-controlled computing (e.g. the gaming industry, the military, human-computer interactions and lie-detection)

我们怎么知道别人在想什么？有一天，我们可能能够传达我们的思想，而不诉诸语言或行动，这一概念已经困扰了科学家和科幻小说作家几十年。许多所谓的“脑机接口”或“思想翻译设备”已经被尝试和测试，但经常受到其速度，准确性，易用性和广泛的培训要求的限制。神经科学的最新进展已经提出了一些新的心理，技术和统计方法来解决这个问题。在这个项目中，我们将使用三种完全不同的技术来开发新型系统，这些系统将充分利用这些新方法来解码心理思想。并行系统将使用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI），脑电图（EEG）和功能性近红外光谱（fNIRS）来构建，并根据参与者将被教导传达他们的思想的心理策略类型和用于解释它们的数学方法进行优化。我们还将研究培训如何帮助参与者提高绩效，以及哪些方法可以在真实的时间内部署。这项研究对于理解心理表征或“思想”如何在大脑中编码以及这些如何与行为相关具有深远的影响。研究结果还将在多个领域找到新的应用，包括许多寻求开发脑控计算新方法的领域（例如游戏业、军事、人机交互和测谎）。