Modelling and analysis of power and energy conversion systems

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Electrical energy systems today continue to gain importance. Electrical machines and power electronics penetrate deeper into all aspects of modern life, and are widely used in large-scale power grids, industrial processes, the automotive/transportation industry, home appliances, etc. Thousands of engineers in control centers and research facilities around the world are working full-time developing models and conducting studies of various grid scenarios. Sophisticated computer models are used for operation of electric grids, planning purposes, design and integration of various renewable energy sources and systems, etc. In typical applications, the models are used for simulating time-domain transient studies and/or small-signal analysis with various control objectives. Since the models are used by engineers and researchers many times (often iteratively during the design cycle), both the model accuracy and numerical efficiency (simulation time) are very important. Even a fractional increase in simulation speed will result in very significant savings of engineering man-hours world-wide. However, models of rotating electrical machines and power electronic components are typically the limiting bottleneck in terms of simulation speed and size of systems that can be practically modelled. Canada has been a leader in developing the state-of-the-art solution approaches and computerized tools that enable design and operation of electric power systems of various scales. The electromagnetic transient programs (EMTP), e.g. ATP, Microtran, EMTP-RV, PSCAD, RTDS, RT-Lab, and the Matlab’s SimPowerSystems, and Powertech Labs’ transient stability software DSATools, to name a few, all have originated and/or have been developed by Canadian researchers and are now overwhelmingly used throughout the world as industry-standard tools. The proposed research continues UBC’s long-time tradition of advancing the power systems analysis and simulation tools. The particular focus of this research program is on developing the most computationally efficient and advanced models of rotating electrical machines and power electronic converters for the EMTP-type and state-variable-based programs (including transient stability tools). We are developing advanced synchronous and induction machines models that achieve constant-parameter interfacing circuits (and constant conductance sub-matrix) and avoid the limitations and numerical instability of the traditional qd0-models. We are also developing a revolutionary parametric approach for constructing the dynamic average-value models of switching converters and machine-converter systems. Such models can potentially be automatically generated and realized in many industry-grade software tools. Making the average-value models readily available will have a tremendous impact on how the simulation tools are used by engineers and researchers. The proposed research will enable the next generation of transient simulation tools for real-time and non-real-time use with new capabilities and extended range of applications, capable of much faster simulations of large-scale systems. These tools are essential in enabling the new paradigms of combining the existing centralized electric grid with the elements of decentralized microgrids and alternative energy sources and storage, which together define the evolving future smart grid.