Incorporating seasonal and extreme hydrologic events into groundwater recharge and vulnerability assessment

将季节性和极端水文事件纳入地下水补给和脆弱性评估

• 批准号: 41885-2010
• 负责人: Rudolph, David
• 金额: $ 2.55万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=568871
• 关键词: Incorporating; seasonal; extreme; hydrologic; events

The security and sustainability of groundwater resources at the regional scale depend on the development of realistic source protection strategies and accurate estimates of natural replenishment or recharge, a parameter that has proven to be extremely difficult to quantify at the regional scale. The influence of transient hydrologic conditions on groundwater vulnerability and recharge is rarely accounted for yet may represent one of the most critical controlling parameters. For example, seasonal climatic variability and extreme hydrologic conditions, such as major precipitation events and mid-winter snow melt periods, can significantly influence recharge distribution and magnitude over the course of an annual cycle. Extreme hydrologic variability can also represent a major factor in introducing surface sources of contamination into the subsurface. This is particularly evident and critical in agricultural landscapes where diverse non-point sources exist ranging from nutrient solutes to colloidal pathogens. Climatic evidence suggests that the frequency of occurrence of these types of extreme hydrologic events is increasing in Canada and worldwide, potentially due to the influence of climate change. The main objective of this proposed research program is to investigate and quantify the impact of seasonal hydrologic variability on estimates of regional groundwater recharge and source vulnerability assessment. The research work will involve field experimentation to collect dense, integrated data sets designed to permit the quantification of recharge and contaminant mass flux throughout the course of the annual climatic cycle and numerical analysis using emerging models that can incorporate transient hydrologic complexity including climatic variability, fully integrated groundwater-surface water interaction, and temperature and contaminant transport under conditions of variably saturation in a three dimensional framework. The results of the research program will be immediately useful to provincial and municipal authorities in developing long-term groundwater management and source protection plans and in establishing science-based policies governing land use management related to emerging groundwater protection legislation.

在区域范围内，地下水资源的安全和可持续性取决于制定切合实际的水源保护战略和对自然补给或再补给的准确估计，这一参数已证明在区域范围内极难量化。瞬变水文条件对地下水脆弱性和补给的影响很少被考虑，但可能是最关键的控制参数之一。例如，季节性气候变化和极端水文条件，如重大降水事件和仲冬融雪期，可对年周期过程中的补给分布和规模产生重大影响。极端的水文变化也可能是将地表污染源引入地下的一个主要因素。这在农业景观中尤其明显和关键，其中存在从营养溶质到胶体病原体的各种非点源。气候证据表明，在加拿大和全世界，这类极端水文事件的发生频率正在增加，这可能是由于气候变化的影响。这项研究计划的主要目标是调查和量化季节性水文变化对区域地下水补给和水源脆弱性评估的影响。研究工作将包括实地实验，以收集密集的综合数据集，这些数据集旨在量化整个年度气候循环过程中的补给和污染物质量通量，并使用新出现的模型进行数值分析，这些模型可以纳入包括气候变异性在内的瞬态水文复杂性，充分综合的地下水-地表水相互作用，以及在三维框架中的饱和度条件下的温度和污染物输运。研究计划的结果将立即有助于省市当局制定长期的地下水管理和水源保护计划，并建立以科学为基础的政策，管理与新兴的地下水保护立法有关的土地利用管理。