Attentional processes in infant bilinguals
双语婴儿的注意力过程
基本信息
- 批准号:RGPIN-2014-04590
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 1.89万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:加拿大
- 项目类别:Discovery Grants Program - Individual
- 财政年份:2015
- 资助国家:加拿大
- 起止时间:2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Nearly all experimental work in infant language development focuses on monolinguals. Yet, due to immigration, official language policies, and cultural norms, many Canadian infants are raised in a bilingual environment. The initial task of learning two languages from birth is potentially not an easy one. Due to their simultaneous exposure to two languages, each with different sound inventories, bilingual infants may process speech information differently than monolinguals at the earliest stages. The current research examines bilingual infants’ attention to phoneme changes and the amount of detail in phoneme representations. Phonemes are the smallest meaningful sound units in a language (e.g., the vowels in bit and bet). Previous research showed that bilingual infants may not notice when certain phonemes change (bit to bet), yet monolinguals will notice the same change. A recent hypothesis is that bilingual infants have rich phoneme representations, but are numb to phoneme changes because they often experience such small alterations via accented speech (e.g., hearing Dad produce English words with a French accent) and cognates (hearing similar sounding words across their languages, like “bank” and “banque”). Or, bilingual infants may indeed have less detailed mental representations of phonemes. I propose multiple studies using various methods in order to examine bilinguals’ attention to phoneme changes and their phoneme representations. First, we will determine if bilingual infants are more successful than monolinguals at identifying words produced in a different accent. Second, we will test bilingual infants in a discrimination task that does not require a “surprise” reaction to a phoneme change, which should facilitate their performance. Finally, we will examine bilingual infants’ physiological reactions to phoneme changes. We will observe their neural reactions (via brain wave monitoring) and their heart rates, as both these measure are related to attention. We may see reactions at basic physiological levels not seen at the overt behavioural level. The above set of experiments will significantly add to the scarce literature on bilingual speech perception and will inform researchers of how bilingualism and its associated factors affect fundamental processes like basic perception of and attention to speech in the earliest stages of development. We also seek to validate one of the very few hypotheses that specifically address infant bilingual speech perception. Through studies with bilingual infants, we can gain a deeper understanding of language development in all infants. Further, the findings emerging from these studies can have practical implications for parents and educators by revealing how young bilinguals acquire and attend to language sounds.
几乎所有关于婴儿语言发展的实验工作都集中在单语者身上。然而,由于移民、官方语言政策和文化规范,许多加拿大婴儿在双语环境中长大。从出生起就学习两种语言的最初任务可能不是一件容易的事情。由于他们同时接触两种语言,每种语言的发音都不同,双语婴儿在最早的阶段可能会以不同于单语婴儿的方式处理言语信息。目前的研究考察了双语婴儿对音素变化的注意力以及音素表征中的细节数量。音素是一种语言中最小的有意义的声音单位(例如,比特和比特中的元音)。先前的研究表明,双语婴儿可能不会注意到某些音素的变化(比方说),但只会说一种语言的婴儿会注意到同样的变化。最近的一个假说是,双语婴儿拥有丰富的音素表征,但对音素的变化感到麻木,因为他们经常通过重音语音(例如,听到爸爸说出带有法国口音的英语单词)和同源词(听到不同语言中发音相似的单词,如“bank”和“banque”)经历这种微小的变化。或者,双语婴儿对音素的心理表征可能确实不那么详细。为了考察双语者对音素变化的注意及其音素表征,我提出了使用不同方法的多项研究。首先,我们将确定双语婴儿在识别不同口音的单词方面是否比单语婴儿更成功。其次,我们将在一项辨别任务中测试双语婴儿,该任务不需要对音素变化做出“惊喜”反应,这应该会促进他们的表现。最后,我们将考察双语婴儿对音素变化的生理反应。我们将观察他们的神经反应(通过脑波监测)和他们的心率,因为这两个指标都与注意力有关。我们可能会在基本的生理水平上看到反应,而在公开的行为水平上看不到。上述实验将大大增加关于双语言语感知的稀缺文献,并将使研究人员了解双语及其相关因素如何在发育的最早阶段影响基本过程,如对言语的基本感知和注意。我们还试图验证少数几个具体解决婴儿双语言语感知的假设之一。通过对双语婴儿的研究,我们可以对所有婴儿的语言发展有更深入的了解。此外,这些研究的发现揭示了年轻的双语者如何习得和注意语言的发音,对父母和教育工作者具有实际意义。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
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Fennell, Christopher其他文献
Weighting of vowel cues explains patterns of word-object associative learning
- DOI:
10.1111/j.1467-7687.2009.00814.x - 发表时间:
2009-09-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.7
- 作者:
Curtin, Suzanne;Fennell, Christopher;Escudero, Paola - 通讯作者:
Escudero, Paola
You sound like Mommy: Bilingual and monolingual infants learn words best from speakers typical of their language environments
- DOI:
10.1177/0165025414530631 - 发表时间:
2014-07-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.7
- 作者:
Fennell, Christopher;Byers-Heinlein, Krista - 通讯作者:
Byers-Heinlein, Krista
Fennell, Christopher的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Fennell, Christopher', 18)}}的其他基金
Word Segmentation Across Two Languages Via Statistical Learning
通过统计学习进行两种语言的分词
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2019-06836 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 1.89万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Word Segmentation Across Two Languages Via Statistical Learning
通过统计学习进行两种语言的分词
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2019-06836 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 1.89万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Word Segmentation Across Two Languages Via Statistical Learning
通过统计学习进行两种语言的分词
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2019-06836 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 1.89万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Word Segmentation Across Two Languages Via Statistical Learning
通过统计学习进行两种语言的分词
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2019-06836 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 1.89万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Attentional processes in infant bilinguals
双语婴儿的注意力过程
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2014-04590 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 1.89万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Attentional processes in infant bilinguals
双语婴儿的注意力过程
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2014-04590 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 1.89万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Attentional processes in infant bilinguals
双语婴儿的注意力过程
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2014-04590 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 1.89万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
On-line and implicit measurements of language and cognitive processing in children
儿童语言和认知处理的在线和隐式测量
- 批准号:
RTI-2016-00479 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 1.89万 - 项目类别:
Research Tools and Instruments
Attentional processes in infant bilinguals
双语婴儿的注意力过程
- 批准号:
RGPIN-2014-04590 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 1.89万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Bilingual infants' acquisition and perception of phonemes
双语婴儿对音素的习得和感知
- 批准号:
341501-2008 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 1.89万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
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