Development of probabilistic ecohydrologic models for green infrastructure systems

绿色基础设施系统概率生态水文模型的开发

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-05112
• 负责人: Guo, Yiping
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: McMaster University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=615505
• 关键词: Development; probabilistic; ecohydrologic; models; green

Green infrastructure mainly uses vegetation and soils and includes urban forests, streams and riparian zones, green roofs, green walls and other low impact development practices, parks and gardens, stormwater management ponds and wetlands. Sustainable communities incorporate green infrastructure into their water supply, stormwater and wastewater management systems. Urban ecohydrologic models which effectively simulate the soil-plant-atmosphere interactions are necessary for the planning, design and operation of green infrastructural systems. Currently there are few such models available and there is also a lack of interdisciplinary research linking urban hydrology with terrestrial and aquatic ecology. The proposed research aims at developing urban ecohydrologic models to assist in the design and maintenance of green infrastructure. My previous research focused on urban stormwater management. I have developed and applied both probabilistic and deterministic hydrologic models for studying different stormwater control measures (SCMs). Many of these SCMs are also considered as green infrastructure. However, the earlier models for the SCMs simulate only the hydrologic and hydraulic processes that affect their flood and runoff volume control performances. The detailed soil-plant-atmosphere interactions are not considered due to differences in temporal scales of interest. In the short term, I will seek to incorporate the modelling of soil moisture dynamics and simulate the plant evapotranspiration in much more detail. Biomass production and vegetation water use will be quantified so that the other environmental benefits provided by some types of SCMs (e.g., bio-retention systems, grass swales, green roofs, etc.) can also be quantified. In the longer term, more complete urban ecohydrologic models will be developed to quantify not only the flood and runoff volume control effects of green infrastructure but also its other environmental benefits such as increase in ecosystem carrying and absorbing capacities, reduction in urban heat island effects, and increase in resilience of a community against different kinds of natural hazards. Environmental sustainability is highly desirable but its quantification remains a challenge. The proposed research will contribute in combating this challenge. Escalating urbanization and increasing reliance on the economic value of cities make the development and application of urban ecohydrologic models urgently needed. The proposed research will greatly improve our modelling capabilities and contribute to the solution of many of the remaining interdisciplinary problems. Findings from the proposed research will also benefit urban agriculture and vegetable gardening which are gaining popularity across Canada.

绿色基础设施主要利用植被和土壤，包括城市森林、溪流和河岸带、绿色屋顶、绿色墙壁和其他低影响开发做法、公园和花园、雨水管理池塘和湿地。可持续社区将绿色基础设施纳入其供水、雨水和废水管理系统。城市生态水文模型能够有效地模拟土壤-植物-大气相互作用，是绿色基础设施系统规划、设计和运行的基础。目前很少有这样的模型，也缺乏跨学科的研究，城市水文与陆地和水生生态学。拟议的研究旨在开发城市生态水文模型，以协助设计和维护绿色基础设施。 我以前的研究集中在城市雨水管理。我已经开发和应用概率和确定性水文模型研究不同的雨水控制措施（SCM）。这些SCM中的许多也被认为是绿色基础设施。然而，早期的SCM模型只模拟影响其洪水和径流量控制性能的水文和水力过程。详细的土壤-植物-大气相互作用不被认为是由于在感兴趣的时间尺度的差异。在短期内，我将寻求纳入土壤水分动力学的建模和模拟更详细的植物蒸散。生物量生产和植被用水将被量化，以便某些类型的SCM提供的其他环境效益（例如，生物保持系统、草洼地、绿色屋顶等）也可以量化。 从长远来看，将开发更完整的城市生态水文模型，不仅可以量化绿色基础设施的洪水和径流量控制效果，还可以量化其其他环境效益，例如增加生态系统承载和吸收能力，减少城市热岛效应，提高社区对不同类型自然灾害的恢复力。环境可持续性是非常可取的，但其量化仍然是一个挑战。拟议的研究将有助于应对这一挑战。 城市化进程的加快和对城市经济价值的日益依赖，迫切需要城市生态水文模型的发展和应用。拟议的研究将大大提高我们的建模能力，并有助于解决许多剩余的跨学科问题。拟议研究的结果也将有利于城市农业和蔬菜园艺，这在加拿大越来越受欢迎。