Novel multilayered synthetic structural bone graft materials which combine biocompatibility, biodegradability and high toughness

集生物相容性、生物可降解性和高韧性于一体的新型多层合成结构骨移植材料

• 批准号: 508413-2017
• 负责人: Barthelat, Francois
• 金额: $ 3.24万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Health Research Projects
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=621909
• 关键词: Novel; multilayered; synthetic; structural; bone

Due to the ageing world population, techniques to replace, restore, or regenerate bone havebecome a major clinical need in the fields of orthopaedic, spinal, dental, cranial, andmaxillofacial surgery. For these patients that suffer from bone loss and bone defects, surgicaltreatment remains a major challenge. Traditional bone grafting techniques have performancelimitations including donor site morbidity, viral transmission, immunologic incompatibility, longrehabilitation time and structural failure. The need for new strategies for the treatment of bonedefects is therefore urgent. The ideal bone graft material must: (i) match the mechanicalproperties of healthy bone; (ii) be biocompatible and promote healing and (iii) must degradeover time to be replaced by healthy bone. To this day, there is no synthetic material that canfulfill these three requirements simultaneously. In this project we will develop a new structuralbone graft made from calcium sulfate, collagen and gelatin. All components of this materialare fully biocompatible and FDA-approved for use as biomaterials. The mineral contentprovides stiffness, while the weaker protein layers can deflect incoming cracks to generatetoughness. The implication is that this material can be used to fabricate load-carrying grafts,as opposed to traditional calcium phosphates/sulfates which are too brittle. The structuralbone graft can be of varying sizes and dimensions. In-vivo performance will be evaluated withan animal study. In addition, bone grafts with complex patient-specific shapes will bedeveloped using 3D printed polymeric templates. This new medical technology will have asignificant impact on restoring functionality and quality of life in patients requiringreconstruction of structural bone defects secondary to trauma, failed arthroplasties, bonetumors, maxillofacial surgery or other bone diseases.

由于世界人口老龄化，骨置换、修复或再生技术已成为骨科、脊柱、牙科、颅颌面外科领域的主要临床需求。对于这些患有骨丢失和骨缺损的患者，骨治疗仍然是一个重大挑战。传统的骨移植技术存在性能限制，包括供区发病率、病毒传播、免疫不相容、移植时间长和结构失效。因此，迫切需要新的策略来治疗骨缺损。理想的骨移植材料必须：（i）匹配健康骨的机械性能;（ii）具有生物相容性并促进愈合;（iii）必须随时间降解以被健康骨取代。直到今天，还没有合成材料可以同时满足这三个要求。本课题将研制一种由硫酸钙、胶原蛋白和明胶制成的新型结构性骨移植物。该材料的所有成分都具有完全的生物相容性，并且FDA批准用作生物材料。矿物质成分提供了硬度，而较弱的蛋白质层可以使进入的裂缝偏转，从而产生韧性。这意味着这种材料可用于制造承载移植物，而不是传统的磷酸钙/硫酸钙，它们太脆。结构性骨移植物可以具有不同的大小和尺寸。将通过动物研究评价体内性能。此外，将使用3D打印聚合物模板开发具有复杂患者特定形状的骨移植物。这项新的医疗技术将对创伤、关节成形术失败、骨肿瘤、颌面外科手术或其他骨疾病继发的结构性骨缺损患者的功能恢复和生活质量产生重大影响。