Projecting marine plankton responses to climate change using realized niches

利用已实现的生态位预测海洋浮游生物对气候变化的反应

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-06251
• 负责人: Irwin, Andrew
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: Mount Allison University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=631678
• 关键词: Projecting; marine; plankton; responses; climate

Marine phytoplankton are unicellular, microscopic photosynthetic organisms found throughout the upper 100 m of the world's oceans. In aggregate they are responsible for about half of the total of all photosynthesis on Earth and provide the resources for the entire marine food web. Photosynthesis converts inorganic carbon to organic carbon and since some of the organic carbon sinks into the deep ocean, phytoplankton play an active role in removing CO2 from the atmosphere. Micro- and mesozooplankton are the primary organisms which mediate both trophic transfer and export of photosynthetic carbon to the deep sea. Many conditions in the oceans will change over the next century including temperature, surface wind speeds, the depth of the mixed layer, and the distribution of nutrient resources required by phytoplankton to grow. Thus changes in the productivity of plankton are expected with consequences for the marine food web and the biogeochemical cycling of carbon. Current knowledge of plankton physiology and ecology is insufficient to make credible projections of the anticipated changes.

海洋浮游植物是一种单细胞、微小的光合作用生物体，分布在世界海洋的100米以上。总体而言，它们承担着地球上约一半的光合作用，并为整个海洋食物网提供资源。光合作用将无机碳转化为有机碳，由于一些有机碳沉入深海，浮游植物在从大气中清除二氧化碳方面发挥了积极作用。微型和中型浮游动物是营养转移和向深海输出光合碳的主要生物。海洋中的许多条件将在下个世纪发生变化，包括温度、表面风速、混合层的深度，以及浮游植物生长所需的营养资源的分布。因此，浮游生物生产力的变化预计会对海洋食物网和碳的生物地球化学循环产生影响。目前关于浮游生物生理学和生态学的知识不足以对预期的变化做出可信的预测。