Content-aware processing of vector images

矢量图像的内容感知处理

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-06547
• 负责人: Kaplan, Craig
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=634660
• 关键词: Content; aware; processing; vector; images

In computer graphics, two-dimensional images are typically represented in one of two ways. Raster images are grids of colour samples; they are the kind that everyday computer users are most familiar with, because digital photographs are represented in this way. In the world of professional graphic design and illustration, however, vector images are also ubiquitous and important. A vector image is more like a drawing: it is made up of a sequence of shapes that are filled in and outlined in solid or gradually changing colours. Because they represent objects in an image as precise geometry, vector images have the advantage that they can be scaled arbitrarily without any loss in quality. Vector images are common on computer desktops and the screens of mobile devices (where they are first "rasterized", so that they can be displayed as pixels), in print advertising and signage, and on clothing. They are also used to represent characters and backgrounds in many video games.Today there are sophisticated algorithms that can perform intelligent analysis and transformations of digital photographs. Your camera can detect when your subject is smiling, and compose complex photographs in various ways from multiple independent exposures. Desktop image editing software like Adobe Photoshop can dynamically reshape digital images by making imperceptible changes to background objects, seamlessly alter the contents of photographs, and even alter colours or materials of individual objects in photographs.In comparison, tools for editing vector images still operate at a fairly low level of abstraction. These tools are more literal: they are simply not as able to make sense of the structure and content of the image being edited. This is unfortunate, especially given that a vector image contains a significant amount of geometric information that is not being exploited, such as the sizes and shapes of objects and the relationships between them.This research investigates ways of representing and manipulating vector images that exploit their inherent structure, giving graphic designers some of the power over vector images that photographers now enjoy with raster images. I will explore the analysis of vector line art in order to support more intelligent colouring operations, which could be used in comic creation. I will look at representations of shapes and textures that permit large, non-repeating blocks of texture to be created automatically from small examples. And I will develop techniques for dynamically reshaping a vector image's canvas without distorting the shapes of the objects in that image.This work promises to revitalize contemporary research into the capabilities of vector graphics, and empower expert designers and illustrators with new tools that make them more effective, more expressive, and more creative.

在计算机图形学中，二维图像通常以两种方式之一表示。光栅图像是彩色样本的网格;它们是日常计算机用户最熟悉的类型，因为数字照片是以这种方式表示的。然而，在专业平面设计和插图领域，矢量图像也无处不在，非常重要。矢量图像更像是一幅图画：它是由一系列形状组成的，这些形状用纯色或渐变的颜色填充和勾勒。因为它们将图像中的对象表示为精确的几何形状，所以矢量图像具有可以任意缩放而不会损失质量的优点。矢量图像常见于计算机桌面和移动的设备的屏幕（在那里它们首先被"光栅化"，以便它们可以被显示为像素）、印刷广告和标志以及服装上。他们也被用来表示在许多视频游戏中的人物和背景。今天有复杂的算法，可以执行智能分析和数字照片的转换。您的相机可以检测到您的主题何时微笑，并通过多种独立曝光以各种方式合成复杂的照片。像Adobe Photoshop这样的桌面图像编辑软件可以通过对背景对象进行不易察觉的更改来动态地重塑数字图像，无缝地改变照片的内容，甚至改变照片中单个对象的颜色或材料。相比之下，编辑矢量图像的工具仍然在相当低的抽象层次上运行。这些工具更直接：它们根本无法理解正在编辑的图像的结构和内容。这是不幸的，特别是考虑到矢量图像包含了大量的几何信息，没有被利用，如对象的大小和形状以及它们之间的关系。本研究探讨了如何表示和操纵矢量图像，利用其固有的结构，给图形设计师一些权力的矢量图像，摄影师现在享受与光栅图像。我将探索矢量线艺术的分析，以支持更智能的着色操作，这可以用于漫画创作。我将研究形状和纹理的表示，这些表示允许从小示例自动创建大的、不重复的纹理块。我将开发动态重塑矢量图像画布的技术，而不会扭曲图像中对象的形状。这项工作有望重振当代研究矢量图形的能力，并赋予专家设计师和插画师新的工具，使他们更有效，更有表现力，更有创造力。