Content-aware processing of vector images

矢量图像的内容感知处理

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-06547
• 负责人: Kaplan, Craig
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=612292
• 关键词: Content; aware; processing; vector; images

In computer graphics, two-dimensional images are typically represented in one of two ways. Raster images are grids of colour samples; they are the kind that everyday computer users are most familiar with, because digital photographs are represented in this way. In the world of professional graphic design and illustration, however, vector images are also ubiquitous and important. A vector image is more like a drawing: it is made up of a sequence of shapes that are filled in and outlined in solid or gradually changing colours. Because they represent objects in an image as precise geometry, vector images have the advantage that they can be scaled arbitrarily without any loss in quality. Vector images are common on computer desktops and the screens of mobile devices (where they are first "rasterized", so that they can be displayed as pixels), in print advertising and signage, and on clothing. They are also used to represent characters and backgrounds in many video games. Today there are sophisticated algorithms that can perform intelligent analysis and transformations of digital photographs. Your camera can detect when your subject is smiling, and compose complex photographs in various ways from multiple independent exposures. Desktop image editing software like Adobe Photoshop can dynamically reshape digital images by making imperceptible changes to background objects, seamlessly alter the contents of photographs, and even alter colours or materials of individual objects in photographs. In comparison, tools for editing vector images still operate at a fairly low level of abstraction. These tools are more literal: they are simply not as able to make sense of the structure and content of the image being edited. This is unfortunate, especially given that a vector image contains a significant amount of geometric information that is not being exploited, such as the sizes and shapes of objects and the relationships between them. This research investigates ways of representing and manipulating vector images that exploit their inherent structure, giving graphic designers some of the power over vector images that photographers now enjoy with raster images. I will explore the analysis of vector line art in order to support more intelligent colouring operations, which could be used in comic creation. I will look at representations of shapes and textures that permit large, non-repeating blocks of texture to be created automatically from small examples. And I will develop techniques for dynamically reshaping a vector image's canvas without distorting the shapes of the objects in that image. This work promises to revitalize contemporary research into the capabilities of vector graphics, and empower expert designers and illustrators with new tools that make them more effective, more expressive, and more creative.

在计算机图形学中，二维图像通常以两种方式之一表示。光栅图像是彩色样本的网格；它们是日常计算机用户最熟悉的那种，因为数码照片就是以这种方式表示的。然而，在专业平面设计和插图的世界里，矢量图像也无处不在，也很重要。矢量图像更像是一幅画：它是由一系列的形状组成的，这些形状是用固体或逐渐变化的颜色填充和勾勒出来的。因为它们将图像中的对象表示为精确的几何形状，所以矢量图像的优点是可以任意缩放而不会损失任何质量。矢量图像在电脑桌面和移动设备的屏幕上（它们首先被“栅格化”，这样它们就可以作为像素显示）、印刷广告和标牌以及服装上都很常见。它们也被用来代表许多电子游戏中的角色和背景。