Fouling control of low pressure membrane systems for drinking water applications

饮用水应用低压膜系统的结垢控制

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-04103
• 负责人: Basu, Onita
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: Carleton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=636390
• 关键词: Fouling; control; low; pressure; membrane

Membranes are a growing popular choice for water treatment due to their ability to consistently produce high quality water regardless of the incoming untreated water quality. However, for membranes to operate effectively over a long period of time they must be optimized for fouling control. Membranes provide a physical barrier to the transport of contaminants to the treated water side, these contaminants foul the membrane which results in decreased water productivity and increased operating costs. The way and extent in which contaminants foul the membrane surface can be reduced by pretreatment options, optimization of physical operational parameters and chemical cleaning. Thus fouling control and prevention is a necessary primary mode of research for membrane technology. To-date polymeric membranes have enjoyed greater success than ceramic membranes in the water treatment field because of their relatively lower costs. Recent innovations, resulting in lower capital costs, in ceramic membrane technology have introduced ceramic membranes as a game player into the water treatment industry as well. Ceramic membranes provide an attractive alternative to polymeric membranes because of their longer operating life, higher chemical resistance, and larger pH tolerances. However, research needs for both ceramic and polymeric membranes still exist, including pretreatment options, physical operating parameters and cleaning methodologies, in particular there is a lack of research in this area at cold temperatures. The objectives of this research are to (1) examine biological pretreatment options for membrane fouling control and (2) further research physical and chemical cleaning methodologies to control fouling in membrane systems to systematically research differences between polymeric and ceramic membrane systems for applications in water treatment with a focus on Canadian climatic needs, particularly the inclusion of cold water analysis. In Canada, at any given time there are approximately 1000 Boil Water Advisories (water.ca), most often tied to small community systems. This research into membrane treatment with cold water conditions is of particular relevance to Canada and may provide an excellent solution to drinking water issues in small and remote communities in Canada, which are often located in Northern regions. While membranes have the potential as a preferred treatment option for small communities because of their ability to produce consistent high quality water under varying raw water conditions, they have received limited application due to membrane fouling and the associated high costs of dealing with a permanently fouled membrane. This research will examines appropriate fouling control methods, with a focus on cold water analysis, for both polymeric and ceramic membranes and is expected to provide practical solutions to drinking water quality issues in small and remote communities in Canada to provide a long term improvement in safe drinking water access and water quality for all Canadians.

膜由于能够始终如一地生产高质量的水，而不管传入的未经处理的水质，因此膜是一种流行的水处理选择。但是，要使膜在很长一段时间内有效运行，必须对其进行优化以进行结垢控制。膜为将污染物运输到处理的水面提供了物理障碍，这些污染物对膜造成污染，从而导致水生产率降低并增加了运营成本。可以通过预处理选项，优化物理操作参数和化学清洁来降低膜表面污染物的污染物的方式和程度。因此，结垢控制和预防是膜技术的必要主要研究模式。与水处理领域的陶瓷膜相比，由于其成本相对较低，因此比陶瓷膜取得了更大的成功。陶瓷膜技术的最近创新导致了较低的资本成本，也将陶瓷膜作为游戏玩家也引入了水处理行业。陶瓷膜为聚合膜提供了一种有吸引力的替代品，因为它们的工作寿命更长，耐化学性较高和pH耐受性较大。但是，仍然存在对陶瓷和聚合物膜的研究需求，包括预处理选项，物理工作参数和清洁方法，特别是在寒冷的温度下，该领域缺乏研究。这项研究的目的是（1）检查膜结垢控制的生物学预处理选项，（2）进一步研究物理和化学清洁方法，以控制膜系统中的结垢方法，以系统地研究聚合物和陶瓷膜系统之间在水处理中应用的差异，重点是加拿大的高峰需求，特别是对加拿大的高峰含水进行冷水分析。在加拿大，在任何给定时间，大约有1000个沸水咨询（Water.ca），通常与小型社区系统有关。这项对膜治疗的研究与加拿大特别相关，可以为加拿大小型和偏远社区的饮用水问题提供了一个绝佳的解决方案，而加拿大通常位于北部地区。尽管由于膜污染和处理永久污染的膜，由于它们在不同的原水条件下产生一致的高质量水的能力，因此膜具有作为小社区首选治疗选择的潜力，但由于膜结垢和相关的高昂费用，它们的应用有限。这项研究将对聚合物和陶瓷膜进行适当的结垢控制方法，重点关注冷水分析，并有望为加拿大小型和偏远社区的饮用水质量问题提供实用的解决方案，从而为所有加拿大人提供安全的饮用水获取和水质的长期改善。