Fouling control of low pressure membrane systems for drinking water applications

饮用水应用低压膜系统的结垢控制

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-04103
• 负责人: Basu, Onita
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: Carleton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=636390
• 关键词: Fouling; control; low; pressure; membrane

Membranes are a growing popular choice for water treatment due to their ability to consistently produce high quality water regardless of the incoming untreated water quality. However, for membranes to operate effectively over a long period of time they must be optimized for fouling control. Membranes provide a physical barrier to the transport of contaminants to the treated water side, these contaminants foul the membrane which results in decreased water productivity and increased operating costs. The way and extent in which contaminants foul the membrane surface can be reduced by pretreatment options, optimization of physical operational parameters and chemical cleaning. Thus fouling control and prevention is a necessary primary mode of research for membrane technology. To-date polymeric membranes have enjoyed greater success than ceramic membranes in the water treatment field because of their relatively lower costs. Recent innovations, resulting in lower capital costs, in ceramic membrane technology have introduced ceramic membranes as a game player into the water treatment industry as well. Ceramic membranes provide an attractive alternative to polymeric membranes because of their longer operating life, higher chemical resistance, and larger pH tolerances. However, research needs for both ceramic and polymeric membranes still exist, including pretreatment options, physical operating parameters and cleaning methodologies, in particular there is a lack of research in this area at cold temperatures. The objectives of this research are to (1) examine biological pretreatment options for membrane fouling control and (2) further research physical and chemical cleaning methodologies to control fouling in membrane systems to systematically research differences between polymeric and ceramic membrane systems for applications in water treatment with a focus on Canadian climatic needs, particularly the inclusion of cold water analysis. In Canada, at any given time there are approximately 1000 Boil Water Advisories (water.ca), most often tied to small community systems. This research into membrane treatment with cold water conditions is of particular relevance to Canada and may provide an excellent solution to drinking water issues in small and remote communities in Canada, which are often located in Northern regions. While membranes have the potential as a preferred treatment option for small communities because of their ability to produce consistent high quality water under varying raw water conditions, they have received limited application due to membrane fouling and the associated high costs of dealing with a permanently fouled membrane. This research will examines appropriate fouling control methods, with a focus on cold water analysis, for both polymeric and ceramic membranes and is expected to provide practical solutions to drinking water quality issues in small and remote communities in Canada to provide a long term improvement in safe drinking water access and water quality for all Canadians.

膜是越来越受欢迎的水处理选择，因为无论传入的未经处理的水质如何，膜都能够持续生产高质量的水。然而，为了使膜能够长期有效运行，必须对其进行优化以进行结垢控制。膜为污染物输送到处理水侧提供了物理屏障，这些污染物会污染膜，导致水生产率下降并增加运营成本。通过预处理选项、优化物理操作参数和化学清洗，可以减少污染物污染膜表面的方式和程度。因此，结垢控制和预防是膜技术研究的一个必要的主要模式。迄今为止，聚合物膜由于成本相对较低，在水处理领域比陶瓷膜取得了更大的成功。陶瓷膜技术的最新创新降低了资本成本，也将陶瓷膜作为参与者引入了水处理行业。陶瓷膜因其更长的使用寿命、更高的耐化学性和更大的 pH 耐受性而成为聚合物膜的有吸引力的替代品。然而，对陶瓷和聚合物膜的研究需求仍然存在，包括预处理选择、物理操作参数和清洁方法，特别是在低温下该领域缺乏研究。本研究的目的是（1）检查用于膜污染控制的生物预处理方案，（2）进一步研究控制膜系统污染的物理和化学清洁方法，系统地研究聚合物膜系统和陶瓷膜系统在水处理应用中的差异，重点关注加拿大的气候需求，特别是冷水分析。在加拿大，任何特定时间都会有大约 1000 个烧水建议 (water.ca)，大多数都与小型社区系统相关。这项针对冷水条件下的膜处理的研究与加拿大特别相关，并且可能为加拿大小型和偏远社区（通常位于北部地区）的饮用水问题提供极好的解决方案。虽然膜有潜力成为小型社区的首选处理选择，因为它们能够在不同的原水条件下产生一致的高质量水，但由于膜污染和处理永久污染膜的相关高成本，它们的应用受到限制。这项研究将研究适当的污垢控制方法，重点是冷水分析，适用于聚合物和陶瓷膜，预计将为加拿大小型和偏远社区的饮用水质量问题提供实用的解决方案，从而长期改善所有加拿大人的安全饮用水获取和水质。