Advanced Dynamic Load Modeling for Modern Smart Grids

电力系统的规划、运行和控制在很大程度上依赖于仿真模型。在所有部件建模中，由于系统中存在大量不同的载荷及其时变的随机性，载荷表示仍然是精度最低的。新型的非常规电力电子负载和间歇性分布式电源的出现，给精确的负荷建模带来了更多的复杂性和挑战。准确的动态负荷模型对电力系统的稳定运行具有重要意义。尽管过去几十年来一直在进行负荷建模研究，但2013年发布的一项全球调查显示，以下主要问题可能会阻碍现代电网的正确设计和运行。在世界各地接受调查的97家公用事业公司和系统运营商中，约有70%的人只使用静态负荷模型进行电力系统稳定性研究。只有40%的公用事业公司在过去五年内更新了负荷模型参数。约40%的公用事业公司在模拟批量负荷供电点的需求时根本不考虑分布式发电，另外28%的公用事业公司在系统研究中将分布式发电简单地建模为负负荷。

Power system planning, operation, and control rely heavily on simulation models. Among all component modeling, load representation remains among the least accurate due to a large number of diverse loads in the system and their time variant stochastic nature. New non-conventional power electronics loads and intermittent distributed generation add more complication and challenge to accurate load modeling. An accurate dynamic load model is very important for power system stability. Despite load modeling research efforts in past decades, a worldwide survey published in 2013 indicated the following major issues, which could hinder proper design and operation of the modern power grid. About 70% of 97 surveyed utilities and system operators around the world use only static load models for power system stability studies. Only 40% of utilities have updated their load model parameters within the last five years. About 40% of utilities do not consider distributed generation at all when modeling demand at the bulk load supply point, and further 28% of utilities simply model distributed generation as a negative load in system studies.