Development of advanced particulate filters for automotive applications

立法的结合推动了对提高燃油经济性和减少排放的需求。这需要使用新的燃料和发动机技术，这可能会增加，例如，微粒排放。与此同时，由于担心颗粒物对健康的影响，也正在制定严格的新法律来管理颗粒物。在这项研究中，我们将研究改进的催化后处理系统的发展，该系统可应用于运输部门使用的柴油、汽油和天然气发动机。要研究的排放系统的主要方面是颗粒过滤器，无论是否具有选择性催化还原（SCR） NOX化合物的组合功能。一项重要的新发动机技术是汽油直喷（GDI），该技术与柴油发动机类似，将燃料注入汽缸而不是进气口。虽然这可以提高燃油经济性，但也会导致排放中的颗粒物。这些颗粒在几个方面与柴油发动机排放的颗粒不同。使用实验和复杂的建模技术相结合，我们将研究颗粒的产生和捕获在商业过滤材料。这些结果将有助于我们在微观层面上了解现有结构的效率及其对流动分布的影响。研究结果将为更好的过滤材料设计提供依据。另一项重要的研究是通过在过滤器基材上涂上催化涂层直接将NO还原功能添加到过滤器中的效果。有许多问题需要解决，涉及到整体结构和最佳水洗层分布，这将理想地导致消除目前使用的单独的deNOX反应。****

A combination of legislations is driving the need for improved fuel economy and reduced emissions. These require the use of new fuels and engine technologies that may increase, for example, particulate emissions. At the same time, tough new laws governing particulates are also being introduced, owing to concern over their health implications. In this research we will study the development of improved catalytic after-treatment systems that can be applied to diesel, gasoline and natural gas engines used in the transportation sector. The primary aspect of the emission system to be studied is the particulate filter, both with and without the combined functionality for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOX compounds. One significant new engine technology is gasoline direct injection (GDI), where the fuel is injected into the cylinder rather than the intake port, in a manner similar to diesel engines. Although this improves fuel economy, it also results in particulate matter in the emissions. These particles are different in several ways to the particulates emitted from diesel engines. Using a combination of experimental and sophisticated modelling techniques, we will study particle generation and capture in commercial filter material. These results will help us to understand the efficiencies of existing structures and their effect of the flow distribution at the microscopic level. The results will allow for better materials design of the filter. Another significant investigation is the effect of adding the NO reduction functionality directly into the filter by applying a catalytic washcoat to the filter substrate. There are a number of issues to be resolved relating to the overall structure and optimal washcoat distribution, which will lead ideally to the elimination of the separate deNOX reaction that is currently used.****