Development of time dependent biomechanical models for vascular tissue and implant design optimization

开发血管组织和植入物设计优化的时间依赖性生物力学模型

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-06519
• 负责人: Mongrain, Rosaire
• 金额: $ 3.35万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=660078
• 关键词: Development; time; dependent; biomechanical; models

Atherosclerotic diseases are amongst the principal causes of death in North America. The rupture of vascular tissue is a common phenomenon associated with several end-stage cardiovascular diseases including coronary disease which can cause myocardial infarction or heart attacks, aorta rupture and aorta dissection possibly leading to hemorrhage. Currently physicians are using simple diameter measurements to estimate the severity of the disease. These measures were proven to be imprecise. Researchers have recently proposed new criteria based on engineering principles to better assess these diseases. However, even these new indices cannot account for all observed adverse events. For example, for coronary disease the new criteria cannot account for about 30 % of the adverse events. There is thus a need for better criteria suited for these complex soft tissues that exhibit large deformations like rubber. I investigated, in the last years, a new approach based on the understanding of how cracks can happen and progress in such soft tissue for a complementary assessment of the risk of tissue rupture.******The research program will allow to better understand how, under what conditions and when these soft tissues fail which can lead to adverse events like heart attacks and hemorrhage. The new knowledge acquired about how the native tissue normally deform will also be used to design the next generation of implants that can also deform in the same way in order to better interact with the body. Similarly, the information will also be used for developing medical imaging techniques for an improved non-invasive assessment of the state of the tissue. These new diagnostic and treatment strategies should have important impact as a large number of the population is affected by these medical conditions.

动脉粥样硬化疾病是北美的主要原因之一。血管组织破裂是与多种终末期心血管疾病相关的常见现象，包括可导致心肌梗塞或心脏病发作的冠状动脉疾病、可能导致出血的主动脉破裂和主动脉夹层。目前，医生正在使用简单的直径测量来估计疾病的严重程度。事实证明，这些措施并不精确。研究人员最近提出了基于工程原理的新标准，以更好地评估这些疾病。然而，即使这些新指数也无法解释所有观察到的不良事件。例如，对于冠心病，新标准无法解释大约 30% 的不良事件。因此，需要更好的标准来适应这些像橡胶一样表现出大变形的复杂软组织。在过去的几年里，我研究了一种新方法，该方法基于对此类软组织中裂纹如何发生和进展的了解，以对组织破裂的风险进行补充评估。******该研究计划将有助于更好地了解这些软组织如何、在什么条件下以及何时失效，从而导致心脏病发作和出血等不良事件。获得的有关天然组织通常如何变形的新知识也将用于设计下一代植入物，这些植入物也可以以相同的方式变形，以便更好地与身体相互作用。同样，这些信息还将用于开发医学成像技术，以改进对组织状态的非侵入性评估。这些新的诊断和治疗策略应该会产生重要影响，因为大量人口受到这些医疗状况的影响。