Development of time dependent biomechanical models for vascular tissue and implant design optimization

开发血管组织和植入物设计优化的时间依赖性生物力学模型

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-06519
• 负责人: Mongrain, Rosaire
• 金额: $ 3.35万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=713802
• 关键词: Development; time; dependent; biomechanical; models

Atherosclerotic diseases are amongst the principal causes of death in North America. The rupture of vascular tissue is a common phenomenon associated with several end-stage cardiovascular diseases including coronary disease which can cause myocardial infarction or heart attacks, aorta rupture and aorta dissection possibly leading to hemorrhage. Currently physicians are using simple diameter measurements to estimate the severity of the disease. These measures were proven to be imprecise. Researchers have recently proposed new criteria based on engineering principles to better assess these diseases. However, even these new indices cannot account for all observed adverse events. For example, for coronary disease the new criteria cannot account for about 30 % of the adverse events. There is thus a need for better criteria suited for these complex soft tissues that exhibit large deformations like rubber. I investigated, in the last years, a new approach based on the understanding of how cracks can happen and progress in such soft tissue for a complementary assessment of the risk of tissue rupture. The research program will allow to better understand how, under what conditions and when these soft tissues fail which can lead to adverse events like heart attacks and hemorrhage. The new knowledge acquired about how the native tissue normally deform will also be used to design the next generation of implants that can also deform in the same way in order to better interact with the body. Similarly, the information will also be used for developing medical imaging techniques for an improved non-invasive assessment of the state of the tissue. These new diagnostic and treatment strategies should have important impact as a large number of the population is affected by these medical conditions.

动脉粥样硬化疾病是北美死亡的主要原因之一。血管组织的破裂是一种常见现象，与几种终末期心血管疾病有关，包括冠状动脉疾病，可能导致心肌梗死或心脏病发作，主动脉破裂和主动脉解剖，可能导致出血。目前，医生正在使用简单的直径测量来估计疾病的严重程度。这些措施被证明是不精确的。研究人员最近根据工程原则提出了新标准，以更好地评估这些疾病。但是，即使这些新指数也无法解释所有观察到的不良事件。例如，对于冠状动脉疾病，新标准不能占不良事件的30％。因此，需要更好地适合这些复杂的软组织，这些软组织表现出较大的橡胶变形。在过去的几年中，我研究了一种新方法，基于对裂缝如何发生的理解以及在这种软组织中进展的理解，以互补评估组织破裂的风险。 该研究计划将允许更好地理解在什么条件下以及这些软组织失败的情况下如何导致心脏病发作和出血等不良事件。有关天然组织通常变形的新知识也将用于设计下一代植入物，这些植入物也可以以相同的方式变形以更好地与身体相互作用。同样，该信息还将用于开发医学成像技术，以改善组织状态的非侵入性评估。这些新的诊断和治疗策略应具有重要影响，因为大量人群受这些医疗状况的影响。