Mechatronic Devices for Next-Generation Minimally Invasive Surgery

用于下一代微创手术的机电设备

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-03817
• 负责人: Naish, Michael
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=678777
• 关键词: Mechatronic; Devices; Next; Generation; Minimally

Minimally invasive procedures are performed though small incisions, typically 5-12 mm across. While benefical to patients, the restricted access introduces many challenges for clinicians. One of the major problems is the inability to manipulate and feel internal structures in the same manner that is possible for a comparable open procedure. This makes learning difficult and leads to a higher number of errors.****Over the long term, the objective of my research program is to introduce technologies that can improve the practice of minimally invasive surgery, with an eye toward enabling procedures, in whole or in part, to be performed autonomously. In working toward this goal, the short-term objectives of my work aim to improve the safety and efficacy of leading-edge minimally invasive surgical practice by addressing three complementary areas:***1. Improving the ability of surgical instruments to measure tissue characteristics and interaction forces. This includes the development of new sensors, methods for optimal sensor placement and techniques for seamlessly integrating sensors into surgical instruments. This information is critical to providing tools with "awareness" of their environment.***2. Developing techniques to use intraoperative sensory information, including video and data from sensorized instruments, to identify key anatomical features, instrument actions and surgical subtasks in real time. With the ability to determine what is happening, in the context of an overall surgical plan, it becomes possible to direct actions and mitigate errors.***3. Designing tools and control methods to realize smart surgical instruments that can react in an intelligent manner. The resulting handheld instruments and surgical robotic systems will be able to actively prevent surgical errors from occurring.***This research program builds on my previous experience with the design, development and testing of medical mechatronic devices and active vision systems. The results of the proposed research will advance the field of mechatronic systems for clinical applications. The resulting technologies are expected to be of particular significance to the Canadian health care and medical device industries, with a huge market potential. The improved sensing and manipulation capabilities afforded by this research will benefit patients and practitioners of a wide range of surgical procedures and may also be applied to devices and systems for training, diagnosis and therapy.**

微创手术是通过小切口（通常直径为 5-12 毫米）进行的。虽然对患者有利，但限制访问给临床医生带来了许多挑战。主要问题之一是无法以与可比较的开放手术相同的方式操纵和感知内部结构。这使得学习变得困难并导致更多的错误。****从长远来看，我的研究计划的目标是引入可以改进微创手术实践的技术，着眼于使手术全部或部分能够自主执行。在努力实现这一目标的过程中，我工作的短期目标旨在通过解决三个互补领域来提高前沿微创手术实践的安全性和有效性：***1。提高手术器械测量组织特征和相互作用力的能力。这包括开发新传感器、最佳传感器放置方法以及将传感器无缝集成到手术器械中的技术。此信息对于为工具提供“感知”其环境至关重要。***2.开发使用术中感觉信息（包括来自传感仪器的视频和数据）的技术，实时识别关键解剖特征、仪器动作和手术子任务。有了确定正在发生的情况的能力，在整体手术计划的背景下，就可以指导行动并减少错误。***3。设计工具和控制方法以实现能够以智能方式做出反应的智能手术器械。由此产生的手持式仪器和手术机器人系统将能够主动防止手术错误的发生。***该研究项目建立在我之前设计、开发和测试医疗机电设备和主动视觉系统的经验基础上。拟议研究的结果将推动临床应用机电系统领域的发展。由此产生的技术预计将对加拿大医疗保健和医疗器械行业具有特别重要的意义，具有巨大的市场潜力。这项研究提供的改进的传感和操纵能力将使患者和各种外科手术的从业者受益，也可应用于培训、诊断和治疗的设备和系统。 **