Micro instrumentation for space

空间微型仪器

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-06443
• 负责人: Quine, Brendan
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: York University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=680878
• 关键词: Micro; instrumentation; space

Small satellites have become proven entry-level platforms for the development of successful academic, commercial and governmental space programs. The objective of this research program is to expand the capabilities of small space and near-space platforms through the development of miniaturized instrumentation that leverages the advantages of remote sensing from space. Our program will build on the success of our existing space hardware development programs. ***The NIR region offers a window to remotely sense climatology, geology and geography on a global scale. The laboratory designed and now operates a miniaturized instrument that collects Earth spectra at 3 Hz and with a footprint equating to approximately 1.5 km from a Low Earth Orbit of 750 km. The spectra contain radiometric measurements of Earth reflection in this important energy-exchange region that may be analyzed to detect and quantify aerosols, clouds, coastlines, soil moisture content and atmospheric composition. This research will extend our Shortwave Infra Red (SWIR) sensor work to the development of instrumentation to measure the Earth's radiation budget as an indicator for climate change. We will enhance spectral throughput by developing instrumentation targeted at specific species and by extending the sensitivity range of the spectrometer. In tandem, the laboratory will also develop a hardware program to miniaturize new electromagnetic sensing instrumentation to further objectives including power conservation and power grid integrity. Our research will focus on the development of micro-instrumentation that, placed in an orbit about the Lagrangian point between the Earth and Sun, can provide direct detection of electromagnetic disturbances giving minutes of warning time to isolate distribution systems. We will develop and characterize the performance of a space sensor suitable for the reliable identification of solar events that cause power disruption and that may also be applied to localize faulty transmission components though UAV inspection. We will also investigate the application of SWIR technology to the detection of faulty power-line components. ***The development of miniaturized space sensors can enhance significantly our ability to monitor weather and climate. Miniaturized instrumentation may be deployed in space more numerously than larger instrumentation increasing temporal and spatial coverage. Space and near-space monitoring of power grids and space weather provides a means both to improve the stability of supply and to reap significant economic efficiencies in power distribution. The research will employ HQP including three masters and three doctoral candidates who will each lead a major research objective.**

小型卫星已成为开发成功的学术、商业和政府太空计划的经过验证的入门级平台。该研究计划的目标是通过开发利用太空遥感优势的小型仪器来扩展小型空间和近空间平台的能力。我们的计划将建立在我们现有的空间硬件开发计划的成功基础上。 ***近红外区域提供了一个在全球范围内遥感气候、地质和地理的窗口。该实验室设计并目前正在运行一种小型仪器，该仪器以 3 Hz 的频率收集地球光谱，其占​​地面积相当于距离 750 公里的近地轨道约 1.5 公里。这些光谱包含地球在这个重要能量交换区域反射的辐射测量值，可对其进行分析以检测和量化气溶胶、云、海岸线、土壤水分含量和大气成分。这项研究将把我们的短波红外 (SWIR) 传感器工作扩展到仪器的开发，以测量地球的辐射预算，作为气候变化的指标。我们将通过开发针对特定物种的仪器和扩展光谱仪的灵敏度范围来提高光谱通量。与此同时，该实验室还将开发一个硬件程序，以小型化新型电磁传感仪器，以实现包括节能和电网完整性在内的进一步目标。我们的研究将集中于开发微型仪器，该仪器放置在地球和太阳之间拉格朗日点周围的轨道上，可以直接检测电磁干扰，并提供几分钟的警告时间来隔离配电系统。我们将开发并表征空间传感器的性能，该传感器适用于可靠识别导致电力中断的太阳事件，也可用于通过无人机检查定位故障传输组件。我们还将研究短波红外技术在故障电力线元件检测中的应用。 ***微型空间传感器的发展可以显着增强我们监测天气和气候的能力。小型仪器可以比大型仪器更多地部署在太空中，从而增加时间和空间覆盖范围。对电网和空间天气的太空和近太空监测提供了一种提高供电稳定性并在配电方面获得显着经济效率的方法。该研究将聘请 HQP，包括三名硕士和三名博士生，他们将各自领导一个主要研究目标。**