Increasing biological hydrogen production

增加生物氢产量

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-04605
• 负责人: Hallenbeck, Patrick
• 金额: $ 2.48万
• 依托单位: Université de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=685274
• 关键词: Increasing; biological; hydrogen; production

Hydrogen is widely considered as a potential fuel of the future with a large amount of research and development world-wide, including the production of demonstration cars and bus transportation systems. However, a practical renewable means of hydrogen production is lacking. Biological hydrogen production holds promise as a sustainable process for hydrogen production since various waste products or lignocellulosic substrates could be converted to hydrogen, thus potentially producing energy and carrying out waste treatment at the same time. The photosynthetic bacteria have long been studied for their photofermentative hydrogen evolution capacity and have served as model organisms for research on photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, and biotechnological conversions.***     Using the purple non-sulfur photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus we have recently demonstrated a number of improvements in biolgocial hydrogen production. In the present work, rates and yields of hydrogen will be improved using two approaches; development of bioreactor technology using a redox stat to control the oxygen levels for achieving maximum substrate conversion, and metabolic engineering to increase metabolic flux in the desired direction. Metabolic engineering, changing how the metabolism of the cell is used by introducing genetic changes, will be used to increase the flow of energy to hydrogen production and to increase photosynthetic efficiency. In order to make these changes, genetic tools for the creation of multiple markerless mutations will be established for this organism which could also be useful for other researchers interested in the production of other useful compounds. This same system will be used to extend the limits of hydrogen production by the newly described microaerobic pathway. Mutants will be created in pathways that divert metabolic flux away from hydrogen production, such as acetate formation, and tested in a redox stat where the respiratory rate and hence redox level are regulated by the controlled addition of oxygen.***     Increasing hydrogen production through both physiological manipulation and metabolic engineering will not only potentially provide a practical means of sustainable hydrogen generation from various waste materials, but could also pave the way for the sustainable production of a variety of other useful chemicals and chemical products.**

氢被广泛认为是未来的潜在燃料，在世界范围内进行了大量的研究和开发，包括生产示范汽车和公共汽车运输系统。然而，缺乏实用的可再生制氢方法。生物制氢有望成为一种可持续的制氢工艺，因为各种废物或木质纤维素底物可以转化为氢气，从而有可能产生能量并同时进行废物处理。长期以来，人们一直在研究光合细菌的光发酵产氢能力，并作为光合作用、固氮和生物技术转化研究的模型生物。***    利用紫色非硫光合细菌荚膜红杆菌，我们最近证明了生物产氢方面的许多改进。在目前的工作中，将使用两种方法来提高氢气的速率和产率；开发生物反应器技术，使用氧化还原状态来控制氧气水平以实现最大的底物转化，以及代谢工程以增加所需方向的代谢通量。代谢工程通过引入遗传变化来改变细胞代谢的使用方式，将用于增加产氢的能量流并提高光合作用效率。为了实现这些改变，将为该生物体建立用于创建多个无标记突变的遗传工具，这对于对生产其他有用化合物感兴趣的其他研究人员也可能有用。该系统将用于通过新描述的微需氧途径扩大氢气生产的极限。突变体将在将代谢通量从氢气生产中转移出来的途径中产生，例如乙酸盐的形成，并在氧化还原状态下进行测试，其中呼吸速率和氧化还原水平通过受控的氧气添加来调节。***    通过生理操纵和代谢工程增加氢气产量，不仅有可能提供一种从各种废料中可持续生产氢气的实用方法，而且还可以为可持续生产氢气铺平道路。 各种其他有用的化学品和化学产品。**